We grow a high yield of tomatoes in open ground. Agricultural technology for growing tomatoes in open ground: planting dates

Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables in the world. dining table. And being in the garden, he loves Sun rays, is not friendly with wind and excessive rain. To grow it, you need to fulfill certain conditions and then the reserves will again be replenished with red and juicy homemade tomatoes. Red-cheeked cats are also whimsical in choosing a neighbor. They are great friends with carrots, onions and cucumbers, but do not want to maintain a relationship with eggplants, potatoes and peppers at all.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - soil preparation

Tomatoes need soil with an acidity of 6.0 to 7.0. The level is measured with a special test to determine pH. If the value is low, then lime is added to the soil at a rate of 0.5-0.8 kg per 1 sq.m. When it increases, sulfur is added in the same quantities.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - timely watering

Tomatoes are watered abundantly and rarely. In spring and summer, while weather not so hot yet, irrigate once a week. When substantial warmth arrives, breaks are reduced to 2-3 times. It is correct to pour water under the root. Better in the evenings, after sunset.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - planting seedlings

A hole 10-15 cm deep is dug, watered with water and fertilized with minerals mixed with humus (1:3). The plant is removed from the box, the leaves are cut off, leaving 3 pieces. at the top to stimulate growth. Moistening will help remove the seedlings from the box. The root is planted in a hole together with a lump of earth, sprinkled with compost, dry soil and trampled down tightly. The soil is mulched with a 10 cm layer of straw. The development time for tomatoes is about 10 days without watering. In case of temperature changes, use a film with 5 cm holes to cover the bush. After 10 preparatory days The seedlings are watered or new ones are planted in place of the dead ones.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - bush garter

Tomatoes are tied up for good development against rotting upon contact with wet soil. Pegs are placed next to the bush, the height depends on full height stem (about 50-80 cm). The pegs are driven in from the north at a distance of 10 cm from the plant. Tie up with a rope 3-4 times throughout the entire period. The string is pulled under the heavy branches.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - bush formation

Also called stepsoning - from the very early age are constantly deleted side shoots. There should be no stepsons before tomatoes appear. They are removed in the morning when they reach 3-5 cm in length. The correct thing to do is not pull them out, but break them out and cut them off. Flower clusters in which fruits have not formed are removed.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - feeding

From the moment of landing, after 2 weeks they make one visit, and so on once every 10 days. The first feeding is mullein with water 1:10, or chicken manure 1:20. The following fertilizing is done mineral fertilizers, for example, 60 g of nitrophosk (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) with 10 liters of water. Before flowering, pour 1 liter on each bush, after - 3-5 liters.

How to grow tomatoes in open ground - disease control

The tomato is sprayed weekly, and the solutions are changed each time. One week Bordeaux mixture, the other - onion tincture.

For planting, it is good to choose proven varieties that are ideal for the area where they will be grown. Seedlings are suitable only with strong stems, without lethargy, signs of disease, and with an intact root system. The leaves are not yellow, but dark green, without traces of flowering, so as not to injure the tomato during transplantation. Most failures start with wrong choice seedlings, you should be more careful with this process.

Senor Tomato is a positive hero of culinary creations, in contrast to the character of the famous cartoon. To enjoy the taste homemade vegetable, it is enough to know the characteristics of the crop variety and several rules for growing tomatoes.

Tomato, or tomato, is an annual or perennial plant of the Solanaceae family. Until the 18th century, they were not eaten, considering tomato fruits to be poisonous.

Tomatoes are rich in fiber, glucose, fructose and other elements. Tomatoes improve mood due to the presence of the substance tyramine, which is converted into serotonin in the body. Eating tomatoes improves immunity, improves digestion, and lowers blood cholesterol levels.

Types and varieties of tomatoes: characteristics and classification

Depending on the height of the plant and the period of fruit ripening, there are three main varieties of tomatoes:

determinant,
semi-determinants,
indeterminate.

Determinate varieties

Short. The height of the bush is from 25 to 150 cm.
The tomato bush forms from 3 to 5 clusters with inflorescences, growth stops with the last cluster.
The first brush is formed after 4-5 sheets. The rest grow after 1-2 leaves.
Early ripening - from 85 to 110 days from germination to the first harvest. Planted in open ground.
Planted at a distance of: 40-60 cm between bushes, 60-70 cm between beds. Depending on the variety and size of the bushes, denser planting is possible.
Most popular varieties: Dubok, Yamal, Alaska, Sultan, Rocket, Agata, etc.

Semi-determinate varieties

Tall. The height of the bush is from 150 to 160 cm.
May limit growth after 3 to 4 clusters have formed.
Mid-season - from 85 to 110 days from germination to the first harvest.
Planted in film, winter greenhouses. IN open ground grown in the southern regions.
Popular varieties: Chirchik, Partner Semko, Magnus, Chigan.

Indeterminate

Grow as a vine while they can.
Harvest from 40 to 50 brushes. Form the plant into one stem.
Late - ripening over 115 days from germination to the first harvest.
Grown in greenhouses.
Planted at a distance of: 50-60 cm between bushes, 80-90 cm between rows. Such a large distance is determined by the need to tie tall bushes to the supports.
Popular varieties: Nada, Noemi, Star Gold, Christina Plum, Cherokee.

Due to the fact that indeterminate varieties produce crops only in warm climates and ripen later than determinate varieties, it is not advisable to plant them in open ground.

Determinatives are divided into:

Standard varieties. They are short in stature and have a strong stem. Doesn't need shaping. Plant staking is required.
Determinant. They need shaping and pinching, i.e. removing excess shoots. Form into two stems.
Superdeterminant. Low growing varieties. They do not require stepsoning, because the harvest is tied on the stepsons. Height no more than 0.8 m.

Tomato varieties for open ground

Early varieties of tomatoes for open ground are all representatives of the determinant group. The advantage of this group of tomatoes is the full yield and ease of care.

Most famous low-growing tomatoes for open ground are:

Mystery. Extra early variety. Fruit ripening on the 85th day after sowing the seeds. The fruits are round, dense, weighing up to 150 g. Plant growth reaches 40 cm. The bush must be pinched, otherwise the tomatoes will be small.
Anastasia. Fruit ripening is 100-105 days after sowing. The shape of the fruit is elongated, weight from 100 to 150 g. The bush can reach up to 130 cm in height.
Alpha. Superdeterminate variety. Ripening period is from 85 to 95 days. The fruits are round in shape, red, weight up to 120 g. Used in salads.
Aphrodite F1. Ultra early variety. Fruiting occurs 75 days after sowing. The height of the bush is up to 50 cm. The fruits are fleshy, elongated shape, weight up to 140 g.
Valentina. Ripening up to 98 days after sowing. The height of the bush is up to 70 cm. This species is resistant to cracking.

Standard varieties are the most unpretentious appearance determinant low-growing varieties for open ground. Many varieties have proven themselves to be cold-resistant.

Highlight the best varieties standard tomatoes for growing in open ground:

Rose of Wind. Ripening period is up to 3 months. Cold resistant. The height of the bush is no more than 50 cm. Fruits weighing up to 130 g.
Variety Polar. Ripening period is from 94 to 108 days. Height up to 30 cm. Fruit weight up to 150 g.
Betta. Ripens within 2.5 months. Bushes up to 50 cm high. Fruit weight up to 50 g.
Oak. Ripening period is from 100 to 110 days. Bush height up to 60 cm. Fruit weight from 90 to 130 g.
Yamal. Ripening time is up to 83 days after germination. Bush height is from 25 to 30 cm. Fruit weight is from 90 to 110 g.

Stages of growing tomatoes in open ground

Exists whole line simple rules that will help avoid loss of yield and plant diseases. It is necessary to adhere to these rules even at the stage of autumn soil preparation for planting.

Autumn soil preparation

Features of making good soil for growing tomatoes:

Start preparing the soil in the fall, before frost.
Assessment of predecessors in the garden.
Recommended crops that could grow in the soil provided for planting tomatoes: cabbage, pumpkin and legumes, cucumbers, onions, parsley, carrots. During their growth, these plants introduce substances into the soil that have a beneficial effect on tomato growth.
Tomatoes are not grown where used to grow up potatoes, eggplant, peppers to avoid infection common diseases for these crops. Tomatoes are planted after harvesting potatoes after 2-3 years.
Checking soil acidity. Good soil For tomatoes, soil with a neutral acidity of 6.5-7.0 pH is considered. Tomatoes are also ready to cope with slightly acidic soil. They do not tolerate acidic or alkaline soil.
Increased acidity leads to the development of pathogenic bacteria and stops the action of beneficial microorganisms introduced with fertilizers. To neutralize the acidity of the soil, it is worth adding lime to the soil at the rate of 0.5-0.9 kg of lime per 1 m 2.
Growing tomatoes in soil in which tomatoes have already grown leads to gradual oxidation of the soil, so you can plant tomatoes after 3 years.
To avoid an excess of calcium, which increases the alkalinity of the soil, it is better to apply lime under previous crops. To acidify alkaline soil, you can use fertilizers containing ammonia, in addition to calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate.
The priority will be the soil where fertilizers were previously applied (compost, ash, lime).
After choosing a place for planting tomatoes, dig up the soil to a depth of 22 to 25 cm. The soil is not leveled to accumulate moisture.
Apply organic fertilizers if the soil has not been fertilized previously. For fertilizer, you can use humus or compost. Fertilizers are planted to a depth of 25 cm. This will serve as the main reserve. nutrients for the root system of tomatoes.
When applying fertilizers, do not mix ash with manure or ammonium sulfate to avoid nitrogen loss. Mixing ash with superphosphate and lime reduces the availability of phosphorus.

Selection of tomato seeds for open ground

To select a tomato variety, important factors are determined:

Cultivation method: non-seedling or seedling. In a seedless way It is possible to grow tomatoes only in the southern regions, due to the long growing season. Sow in open soil heated to 20 °C.
Growing area. When choosing seeds, you should pay attention to the fact that the tomatoes should be intended for planting in open ground. This is indicated on the packaging.
Tomato ripening time. Determine the amount of harvest you would like to receive. Despite early date maturity, some early ripening tomato varieties have low yields.
The purpose of growing crops. These can be preparations for the winter, preservation, use in salads in fresh, long-term storage fresh vegetables, etc. Seed producers often specify the purpose of the tomato variety.
Amount of time to care for tomatoes. The range of variety selection will narrow if there is no time for pinching, tying and shaping the bush.
Disease prevention. Knowledge of the basic parameters of the soil, climate, and common problems in the region will help you choose a sustainable type of tomato.
Shape, color, size of fruits. There are many beautiful and attractive varieties that you will want to try to grow on your property when you see them.

Growing seedlings for planting tomatoes in open ground

If you plan to grow seedlings at home, determine the duration of the growing season. To this figure is added the period for seed germination and plant adaptation. Knowing the desired harvest date, the start date for seed preparation is calculated.
Seed preparation. There are many tips for preparing seeds, including heating and treating the seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate, epin, zircon, etc. An important point in this matter is caution. There is an opinion that if the seed itself could not sprout at home, then the viability of such a plant is in question.
Preparing containers for seedlings. These could be cups or cassettes that need to be disinfected. Containers for seedlings must have drainage holes for air circulation to avoid the formation of rot. The depth of the containers is chosen to be at least 10 cm.
Substrate preparation. Tomato seedlings are not picky about the quality of the substrate; you can simply buy peat soil or make it yourself.
The substrate is thoroughly steamed and moistened.
The seeds are buried 1 cm into the soil. After sowing, the containers are covered with film.
Preparing the site for installing cassettes with seedlings. It should be a bright, warm place. The temperature in the room or greenhouse is maintained at 23°C until the first shoots appear.
Watering is carried out only with a sprayer. Soil moisture is checked by hand.
After all seedlings have germinated, the film is removed. Do this after lunch to avoid evaporation of moisture.
Provide additional lighting. Lighting should not be located too close to the seedlings. At least 50 cm away.
Hardening off seedlings. After removing the film, the temperature is adjusted: to +10°C at night, to + 15°C during the day. This is done throughout the entire period before planting the seedlings in open ground.

Selection of purchased tomato seedlings for growing in open ground

Basic rules for choosing seedlings for growing in open ground:

The height of the plant should be no more than 20 cm.
Good seedlings for growing low-growing varieties have from 6 to 8 leaves, for growing tall varieties - from 11 to 12 leaves.
Preference is given to picked seedlings. Such seedlings have a well developed root system. The roots are located on the periphery, and not with the stem down.
Seedlings are planted in open ground hardened. The leaves of such seedlings are bright green.
The age of seedlings for early tomato varieties is no more than 60 days, for late varieties - no more than 80 days.
The thickness of the seedling stem is usually slightly less than a pencil. Thicker stems indicate that the plant is “over-fed” with nitrogen fertilizers.
The purchase of seedlings is made as close as possible to the time of planting, it is recommended two hours before planting in open ground, no more. The seedlings will wither and may not be accepted.

Spring soil preparation

In the spring, a week before the planned planting of seedlings, the soil is prepared.
Break up all clods of earth and level the soil to prevent the evaporation of moisture that has accumulated over the winter and spring. During this time, the soil will warm up and weeds will begin to appear, which can be easily removed with a rake.
Fertilizers are applied. Mineral fertilizers are applied during digging. This can be 20 g of potassium chloride and 80 g of superphosphate per 1 m2.
Nitrogen fertilizers are not applied during digging, because they are necessary for plants after adaptation and the beginning of growth.
Before planting, make holes with the required depth of up to 15 cm. The distances between holes and rows depend on the variety of tomatoes.

Planting tomato seedlings in open ground

Seedlings are planted when frost has passed, and above-zero temperatures will remain for a week. For many areas this is the first third of June, for some it is the beginning of May.
The area for planting tomatoes in open ground should be sunny and ventilated. These can be southern, southwestern, southeastern areas.
Tomato seedlings are planted in the ground after the first cluster of flowers appears. The seedlings should have 6 to 8 leaves at this time. Typically, seedlings are between 50 and 60 days old, depending on the type of tomato.
For seedlings that have become very elongated at the time of planting, a couple of lower leaves are cut off. After such pruning, the seedlings are planted deep into the soil, and adventitious roots on the lower part of the seedlings provide the plant with additional nutrition.
The prepared wells are filled with water at the rate of up to 1 liter per well. Allow the water to soak into the soil.
Seedlings with a developed root system are placed in holes strictly vertically and buried down to the cotyledon leaves.
Elongated seedlings are placed obliquely and buried to half the stem.
The holes with seedlings are watered again and sprinkled with dry soil.
Do not plant seedlings where plants grow, the proximity of which can harm tomatoes: potatoes, zucchini, fennel.
The growth of tomatoes will be favorably affected by proximity to basil, celery, onions, and bird cherry.

Tomato care

Periodically remove the lower leaves of the tomatoes, which can lead to air stagnation in the lower part of the hole. Remove no more than three leaves at a time. After 24 hours, the plant needs to be watered. The frequency of removal is at least once a week.
They loosen, weed the soil, and tie up the tomatoes at least three times a season.
Hill up the soil 12 days after planting the seedlings.
The best temperature for the normal development of tomatoes is: in sunny weather - up to 25°C, in cloudy weather - from 18 to 22°C, at night - not lower than 15°C.
Suitable air humidity is 65%.
Dry air is important during pollination.

Watering tomatoes in open ground

Excessive watering of tomatoes is harmful.
Water the tomatoes with water at room temperature.
Water the tomato in the ground carefully, trying not to get it on the leaves and trunk of the plant. This causes burns.
Water tomatoes in the evening, except on hot sunny days.
Watering is carried out as it dries out earthen coma, trying to wet the entire depth of the layer with humus and fertilizer.
Before hilling, during the flowering period of the first and second clusters, the plant must be watered.

Formation of tomatoes

Tomato planting is carried out during the growing season.
Indeterminate plants form one stem, determinate plants form two stems.
Stepchildren are removed at a length of 5 to 7 cm.
To speed up growth and accelerate ripening of tomatoes, remove the tops of the shoots that bear fruit. They do this in mid-August.
At the same time, remove all brushes with barren flowers.

Fertilizer application

In order not to harm the plants and own harvest tomatoes follow simple rules.

Organic fertilizers

Organic nitrogen fertilizers used in limited quantities. Excessive application of manure, compost, vermicompost can lead to fattening of the tomato, with the stems becoming thick and the leaves wide.
If organic fertilizers were applied to the predecessors of tomatoes (cabbage, cucumber), then these fertilizers are not applied to early tomatoes.
Under late varieties For tomatoes, organic fertilizers are applied only during autumn soil preparation.

Mineral fertilizers

Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers has a positive effect on the growth of tomatoes and leads to a long growing season.
If mineral fertilizers were not applied before planting the seedlings, then the first fertilizing with nitrogen and phosphorus is done 2-3 weeks after planting.
The second feeding with ammonium nitrate is done at the beginning of fetal formation.

Mineral substance	Importance in tomato growth	Signs of a substance deficiency
Nitrogen	Accelerated ripening of fruits when using this element together with potassium and magnesium	It can occur when transplanting seedlings into open ground is delayed over time. In this case, only the lower leaves fall off. The plant turns light green and is stunted in growth.
Potassium	Increased resistance to temperature changes and diseases. Responsible for the formation of large fruits and high yields	A lack of potassium is accompanied by coloring of the leaf edges yellow-green and Orange color. Subsequently, woodiness of the stem occurs
Magnesium	Increases the possibility of fruit set. Influences their development and growth	Leaves curl up and turn yellow
Phosphorus	Improving the root system. Has a positive effect on the taste of fruits, their quantity and speed of ripening	Rain and cold interfere with phosphorus absorption. The plant reacts acutely to a lack of phosphorus during the growing season and after transplantation. During this, the leaves of the plant darken and become violet shade, subsequently collapse. The tomatoes turn purple

Fertilizer overdose

Excess nitrogen leads to reduced plant immunity, and the period of fruit ripening increases.
Excess chlorine is harmful. To avoid this, fertilizers should be applied in the form of potassium sulfate. Refuse potash fertilizers This is not possible, the tomatoes may develop chlorosis.
In general, with an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus, the amount of potassium may decrease, which entails a lack of magnesium and calcium in tomatoes.

Harvesting and storage

With the beginning of September, the moment comes when tomatoes are removed from the open ground. In this period a large number of fruits stop ripening.
Due to uneven ripening, tomatoes are harvested daily.
Collection brown tomatoes allows the bush to devote all its energy to ripening green tomatoes. Browns will be able to get home in the warmth and darkness.
The fruits are collected without stalks.
Store in dark place at room temperature. In the refrigerator the ripening process slows down.

Photo of tomatoes in open ground

Main diseases of tomatoes in open ground

Late blight. One of the most common diseases of tomatoes. The causative agent is the late blight fungus. For the development of late blight in tomatoes in open ground, the most favorable conditions. Develops with high humidity 75%, moderately warm weather from 15 to 20°C, fluctuations in night and day temperatures and heavy dew. All this is observed by mid-summer. Fruits are mainly affected and rot. The pathogen settles on the soil, on potatoes, and on plant debris. For prevention, it is possible to use biological and chemical drugs.
Alternaria blight. The leaves and fruits become covered with black spots, then turn completely black. Develops with high temperatures and air humidity. Changes in weather accelerate the development of the disease. Metaxil is also used in open ground.
Septoria(white spotting). The lower, older leaves become diseased first, become covered with dark spots, curl and fall off. Develops at temperatures from +15 to +17°C, air humidity 76% and above. The fungus is preserved in plant remains. There are no chemically approved measures. Many tomato varieties have a gene for resistance to septoria.

Growing tomatoes in open ground is a painstaking task, but not difficult. The main thing is to follow simple rules and know the laws of nature. And then she will give you a gift bountiful harvest this delicious fruit.

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Quite often, difficulties in growing tomato seedlings arise even among experienced summer residents. For some, all the seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain in an apartment ideal conditions for growing seedlings. Seedlings of any plants need to be provided with plenty of light, sufficient humidity and optimal temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

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Planting Tomatoes in open ground is done with Tomato seedlings, usually in the first week of summer. You also need to pay attention to the characteristics of Tomato varieties.

In the fall they begin to prepare the soil for planting tomatoes. For these purposes, it is necessary to fertilize the soil and when digging, you should add potassium chloride and superphosphate, 400 grams, for every 10 square meters. meters, to a depth of 30 cm.

If you did not have time to add manure for planting tomatoes in open ground, then at the beginning of spring, before harrowing, you will need to add saltpeter at the rate of 200 grams. on - 10 sq. meters, to a depth of 15 cm. The same should be done with the rest of the fertilizers when spring work, but only if they were not introduced in the fall.

For spring fertilizer for planting tomatoes in open ground, nitrophoska will also work, for every 10 sq. m., - 600 gr. Another well-proven way to fertilize the soil for planting tomatoes is a mixture of compost and ash, at a rate of 1.5 tbsp. ash onto a compost bucket and the holes or furrows are fertilized with this mixture.

Planting Tomato Seedlings

It is better to start planting Tomato seedlings in open ground in the afternoon, so that during the night the Tomato seedlings become stronger and better tolerate planting in open ground.

To plant Tomato seedlings, make separate holes or small trenches with a depth equal to the height of the pots in which the Tomato seedlings grew. Then carefully remove the Tomato seedlings from the containers in which they grew and carefully place them together with a lump of earth in the holes, being careful not to damage the roots. In order to remove Tomato seedlings without damage, it is necessary to thoroughly moisten the containers with seedlings at least an hour before transplanting. short, early varieties Tomatoes are placed so that there is a distance of at least 60 cm between the rows of tomatoes, and at least 30 cm between the bushes themselves in the rows. Tall varieties of tomatoes also require correct placement in open ground - 70 cm between rows and - 50 between tomato bushes. It's worth remembering that best time To plant Tomato seedlings, it is evening, and you should create shade for the plants using sheets of cardboard or thick paper.

Watering Tomato Plantings

Tomatoes should be watered regularly, especially in the first period after planting. After watering the Tomatoes, it is necessary to loosen the soil between the rows of Tomatoes to saturate the soil with oxygen. This has a beneficial effect on the processes of growth and ripening of future Tomato fruits. When Tomato plantings are not watered regularly, you may encounter a disease such as Tomato blossom end rot, especially in dry weather. After - 7-10 days, depending on the condition of the planted Tomato seedlings, it is recommended to use fertilizer prepared in the following proportions: - 40 gr. Superphosphate, - 60 gr. Garden mixture for 10 liters of water. As an option, substitution is possible - 60 g. garden mixture per - 10 gr. Ammonium nitrate. If the Tomato plant has plumped up and become more massive, and the process of formation of Tomato ovaries is very slow, you will need to exclude all nitrogen-containing fertilizers from feeding.

Tips for successful cultivation Tomatoes in open ground

In order to grow high-quality, tasty and healthy Tomatoes, try to adhere to the following recommendations.

1. Tomatoes do not tolerate shading well; they are very light-loving. Tomatoes should be grown in areas where they can get maximum amount solar energy.
2. For good and correct height Tomatoes, they must be provided with a sufficient volume of moisture, this volume of water is about 2.5 liters daily, as a result of which it is necessary to ensure regular watering of Tomato plantings.
3. Try to pick only ripe Tomatoes than longer Tomato will ripen naturally on the bush, the tastier and healthier it will be in the end.
4. It is recommended to fertilize Tomato plantings, on their early stage growth, in the future the use of fertilizers should be stopped until the ovaries of future Tomatoes form. You should not fertilize the bushes during the formation of ovaries, as the growth process will be very slow and will not bring the desired result. Availability flowers with complex racemes on a tomato bush, this is not always a guarantee great harvest Tomatov. Due to a lack of pollen, Tomato flowers may begin to fall off and we will end up with a poor harvest. To prevent such a development of the situation, it is necessary to apply artificial pollination Tomato flowers, it is very effective and most importantly absolutely harmless way. This method of pollination is recommended to be carried out 2-3 times a week in the afternoon, by shaking the tomato stems.

Despite the fact that Tomatoes are heat-loving plants, very hot weather is a rather negative factor for them, since during the heat the redness of Tomatoes stops, this occurs due to the oversaturation of the fruit with red pigment. And ripened Tomatoes are more healthy and tasty than unripe ones. In such situations, artificial ripening of tomatoes is used, but this procedure only gives good results. marketable condition, unfortunately this does not add any benefit to the fruits. Tomatoes retain their beneficial properties only when ripened on the bushes.

Activities to promote accelerated ripening of tomatoes

Tomato bushes are prone to strong branching, and many shoots with big amount ovaries. These branches are called Stepsons, and the process of removing them is called Tomato Stepping. This stepsoning procedure must be done to avoid excessive load on the bush, due to too many ovaries on the stepson shoots, which are then transformed into fruits and these tomatoes will not have time to ripen on the bushes, which will ultimately lead to a poor-quality, poor harvest .

When forming a Tomato plant, it is necessary to leave the main stem and the stepson shoot that formed first, that is, the plant will consist of two stems. The remaining stepson shoots on the Tomato bush, which will appear later, must be plucked off in initial stage their growth, leaving no more than 1 cm. If you nevertheless notice that the stepsons have grown quite large, then you need to pinch off only the tip of the shoot. Removing stepchildren from tomato bushes should be done regularly, once a week.

After the first 2 or 3 flower clusters form on the Tomato bush, you need to pinch off the tops of the plant, this way you will achieve more early maturation Tomato fruits.

When harvesting Tomatoes in the fall, the main thing is not to be late, since Tomato fruits that linger on the branch at temperatures below 8 degrees quickly rot and deteriorate. It is better to pick Tomatoes early and put them in boxes with ripe fruits, since a ripe Tomato releases ethylene, which contributes to the ripening of other fruits.

Tomato Care

Feeding Tomatoes continues throughout the season, and it is better to do it every month. Fertilizer or compost must be applied between the rows of Tomatoes.

It is better to apply fertilizer for the planned planting of tomatoes 1-2 weeks before planting the seedlings. Preference should be given to fertilizers with a low nitrogen content in relation to other components.

Watering Tomatoes

Special attention should be paid to watering Tomatoes due to severe discomfort Tomato plants, with even a very slight moisture deficit. Consequence insufficient watering Tomatoes, the plant itself may become rotting and brittle, especially during hot weather. Tomatoes have a great need for calcium, obtained from the soil with the help of water.