Feeding red and black currant bushes, as well as gooseberries in the fall is not a whim, but a necessity. After all, over the summer, plants spend a significant amount useful substances, which is why autumn fertilization of the soil is so important.

Some novice gardeners feed the bushes in the spring, hoping to thus stimulate the plant to produce a rich harvest. At the same time, when all the berries are collected, the shrubs cease to interest would-be gardeners until next year. Meanwhile, autumn feeding of currants and gooseberries has great value. After all, plants already weakened by abundant fruiting will soon have to withstand frost and chilly winter winds. In order for your green pets to survive the coldest time of the year without loss, it is important to feed them correctly, taking a responsible approach to the choice of fertilizers for currants and gooseberries in the fall.

Fertilizers for planting currants and gooseberries

If you decide to plant gooseberries or currants on your plot this fall, landing hole it is necessary to add mineral and organic fertilizers, which will provide the plants with the substances necessary for growth and development for the next 1-2 years. First of all, it is worth mixing in equal proportions the top fertile layer of soil, removed when preparing the hole, with rotted compost. It is extremely useful to cover the roots of the seedling with this nutrient mixture.

You can also add 0.5 matchboxes of potassium sulfate and superphosphate to the planting hole.

How to feed gooseberry bushes in the fall

When the harvest is harvested, it's time to start preparing for winter. Experienced gardeners Every year, before the first frost, formative and rejuvenating pruning of gooseberry bushes is carried out. It is advisable to dig up the soil around the plants to a depth of 12 cm (being careful not to touch the roots), while simultaneously applying fertilizer.

One of the most suitable for berry bushes autumn fertilizers may become superphosphate. It is added in the amount of 1-2 tbsp. per 1 bush, planting to a depth of 7-10 cm within the radius of the trunk circle. Autumn feeding with superphosphate helps plants better resist fungal diseases and frost, which means that next year they will not waste time on long recovery and will delight you early flowering. In addition, when correct application fertilizers, plants use water more economically, accumulate more sugars in fruits, etc.

As a potassium fertilizer for autumn feeding of gooseberries, you can use potassium sulfate (15-20 g per 1 sq.m.).

Also, under gooseberries, as an organic potassium fertilizer, once every 3-4 years you can apply liter jar wood ash.

Humus is also popular among gardeners (up to 1 bucket for each bush). Some people prefer to combine fertilizers, adding 8-15 kg of humus and 40 g of potassium sulfate for each adult bush.

When using humus, part of it can be incorporated into the soil, and part of it can be used as mulching material.

As an organic fertilizer for feeding gooseberries, you can also use chicken manure diluted in water in a ratio of 1:15 or diluted mullein - 1:10.

The last one autumn feeding Gooseberry harvesting is carried out at the end of September. After applying fertilizers, it is advisable to mulch the soil around the bushes, thus providing the roots of the plants with additional protection from frost.

Fertilizing currants in the fall

Autumn feeding of currants is carried out in the third ten days of September. As is known, the most important substances in autumn period for plants are phosphorus and potassium. There is no longer any need to increase green mass, the growth of the root system and plant resistance to unfavorable conditions become much more relevant weather conditions. Therefore, it is better to forget about nitrogen fertilizers until spring.

Berry bushes respond well to fertilizing with chicken droppings. It can be applied either in dry form for digging (0.8 kg per 1 sq.m.), or diluted with water in a ratio of 1:15.

It is important to avoid direct contact of plant roots with the active fertilizer, so a solution of chicken manure is watered between the rows, and the soil is not dug too deeply to embed the chicken manure.

Fertilizing plants must be combined with watering, otherwise the applied fertilizers can cause burns to the roots.

At the end of October every currant bush you can add 0.5 buckets of rotted manure.

From mineral fertilizers In September, currants can be fed with potassium sulfate (15 g) and superphosphate (30 g per 1 sq.m of tree trunk circle).

Also good to cook complex feeding, adding 10-15 kg of humus, 60 g of superphosphate and 40 g of potassium salt under each bush.

Some gardeners spray currants in the fall with the following composition: 10 liters of water, 3 g boric acid, 5 g of potassium permanganate, 40 g of copper sulfate.

From traditional methods For feeding currants, an infusion of potato peels is interesting. Fill a liter jar with the dried peel and pour 10 liters of boiling water. Cover the container with a lid and leave it in a warm room so that the water cools down longer. And then the infusion is watered into the grooves dug along the perimeter of the tree trunk circles.

Fertilizer application methods

When root feeding berry bushes, fertilizers are distributed along the projection of the crown. They can also be placed in small grooves located 30 cm from the bush. The depth of the grooves is no more than 20 cm.

When applying granular fertilizers, it is advisable to incorporate them into the soil to make it easier for the plant root system to access beneficial microelements.

As an alternative to the classic organic fertilizers near currant and gooseberry bushes you can sow green manure (peas, lupine, vetch). In the fall they are mowed and used as mulch.

How to feed currants, raspberries and gooseberries in spring Raspberry, currant and gooseberry bushes are found on almost every garden plot. Gardeners' love for these berries is due to the fact that they do not require any special care: pruning branches and fertilizing once a year allows you to get a decent harvest every summer and autumn. Show in full... Before you start feeding raspberries, remove frozen branches from the bushes, collect dry leaves and grass, and get rid of weeds. Remove weeds around the raspberries with your hands (do not use a shovel), as otherwise you may damage the roots, which are located close to the surface. After the work has been done, dissolve a couple of spoons of ecofoska or azofoska in 10 liters of water and pour the resulting solution over the raspberries at the rate of one and a half liters per bush. If you have organic matter, prepare the following solution and use it to water the bushes: dilute manure in water (1:10) or chicken droppings (1:20). wonderful nitrogen fertilizer for raspberries is an infusion of weeds (a bucket of weeds is filled with water, infused for 5-7 days in a warm place, filtered). Before watering the bushes with this infusion, it is recommended to add a glass of wood ash to each bush. Immediately after fertilizing, it is advisable to mulch with compost, peat or semi-decomposed manure (a five-centimeter layer will be enough). This procedure will help maintain moisture in the soil, and will also attract earthworms, which, in turn, will “take care” of loosening the soil. How to feed gooseberries in spring Fertilize gooseberries immediately after the snow melts, during this period the ground is quite moist and the roots of the bushes can perfectly absorb everything nutrients. If the bushes are young enough, then pour a couple of tablespoons of nitrophoska and a glass of wood ash under each of them; for adults - twice as much. If there is manure on the farm, cover each bush in a circle with a layer of several centimeters; this can be done without waiting for the snow to completely melt. Remember, gooseberries under three years old do not need feeding (especially if a sufficient amount of fertilizer was added to the soil when planting it). How to feed currants in spring The amount of currant harvest depends on the variety and care of the bushes. Feeding is especially important. Two-year-old bushes and younger ones do not need feeding, which cannot be said about three-year-old bushes and older ones. With a lack of nutrients, currant leaves develop slowly, do not reach large sizes and have a weaker color (light green). If in the previous year you noticed similar signs on the bushes, then be sure to feed them in the spring: add either 10 grams of urea or 15 grams ammonium nitrate on square meter. You can replace the above-described fertilizing with a solution of manure mixed with water in a ratio of 1 to 8, mullein (1:5), bird droppings (1:10/12). It is very important after preparing the solution to let it sit for a couple of days, and then water the currants at the rate of one bucket per 3-4 bushes.

Both a gardener with extensive experience and a novice enthusiast understand that for the successful development of any living organism, a complete, balanced diet is required. And as for such fruit and berry bushes, like gooseberries, raspberries or currants, the generosity and quality of the resulting harvest depends on the timeliness of fertilizing in the spring.

But before applying fertilizers, you need to become more familiar with the characteristics of specific preparations, their effect on currants at a certain time of the growing season, as well as the rates of their application depending on the age of the plant.

The most common fertilizers are ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, etc.

They are used to activate the growth of crops, stimulate the development of the crown and green parts of plants. Based on this, the deadlines for their payment are determined:

In early spring, as soon as the buds on the currant bushes swell, they are first fertilized with nitrogen-containing preparations. And at this time, ammonium nitrate is most often used - approximately 50 g of granules are scattered under each bush and buried in the soil by digging up the top layer of soil or loosening it using a flat cutter.
In May, when flower buds currants or gooseberries will begin to form fruits, you need to stimulate the plant by adding nitrogen in liquid form. For this Matchbox The drug is diluted in 10 liters of water, mixed thoroughly until completely dissolved and used for irrigation.

In the future, the application of such fertilizers is stopped, especially for adult plants, since their excess causes the opposite of the desired process - instead of a rich harvest, you will get lush green growth.

And exclusively for fans organic farming, it is worth mentioning that nitrogen is also contained in natural fertilizers. Its high concentration is in bird droppings, about 1.5% - in compost humus based on peat or with the addition of household waste. Greens of many meadow grass also contains nitrogen, for example from 0.3% to 0.7% in clover, lupine, sweet clover, so these herbs are often used as a top dressing in the form of mulch or in the spring to prepare humus.

Interestingly, the same silt deposits that cover stagnant reservoirs in summer contain up to 2.5% natural nitrogen.

Potash fertilizers

They are presented for sale in the form of: potassium sulfate (potassium sulfate), potassium chloride, potassium carbonate (potash), two-component potassium nitrate and others.

They increase the quality and quantity of the harvest, improve the taste of the fruits and extend their shelf life. They have a beneficial effect on the general condition of gooseberry or currant bushes: they strengthen their immunity, increase resistance to disease and accelerate recovery after transplants or damage from frost and pests.

Due to the negative attitude of fruit bushes to chlorine-containing compounds, potassium sulfate or complex preparations containing potassium are usually used to fertilize currants and raspberries.

In the spring, during harvesting and pruning of bushes, approximately a matchbox of granules is added to the tree trunk circle when digging, but if the plant is still young and has not entered the fruiting period, then it is recommended to reduce the dosage. Spring feeding potash fertilizers It is more rational to carry out on light, sandy soils in order to reduce the percentage of them being washed out of the soil during leashes.
On clayey, moist soils, the added potassium lasts longer, so this fertilizing is carried out in the fall, before the onset of the dormant period.
Foliar application of fertilizers is carried out with an aqueous solution of potassium preparations during the formation of fruits and ripening of currants or gooseberries. Spray the bushes in the evening or in cloudy, cool weather. The concentration and method of preparing the solution depends on the type of fertilizer used.

When using industrial mineral fertilizers, you must strictly follow the instructions in the instructions, and in this case it is better to “underfeed” the plants than to “overfeed” them.

Wood ash is rich in organic potassium, which is used in dry and liquid form. When digging, 2-3 handfuls of ash are added under each bush or an infusion is prepared: a third of the bucket is filled with water, infused for a week, filtered, and then added to the water for irrigation or spraying.

Phosphate fertilizers

A large amount of phosphorus contains superphosphate, enriched or double superphosphate. Phosphate rock, phosphate slag (for acidic soils), precipitate (long-acting), etc.

Phosphate elements are necessary for the full development of the root system, which undoubtedly affects the entire condition of the plant - its growth, the ability to rejuvenate, the intensity of flowering, the formation of ovaries and even the taste of the berries. Based on this, it is more rational to apply phosphate fertilizers even before the start of the growing season, so that the plantings can stock up on elements in advance for promising development in the next season.

In the fall, after harvesting, superphosphate is buried in the soil at a distance of 50 cm to 80 cm from the base of the bush. Such fertilizers for a long time remain in the ground, so they should be applied to young bushes no more than once every two to three years.

In the spring, you can transform a poorly soluble phosphate compound into a form that is easily digestible for plants by preparing an aqueous solution. For this, 20 tbsp. The drug is poured with 3 liters of hot water and, stirring, left until the granules are crushed as much as possible. Then 150 ml of the finished suspension is diluted in 10 liters of water and used for irrigation.

How to feed raspberries in spring

Before you start feeding raspberries, remove frozen branches from the bushes, collect dry leaves and grass, and get rid of weeds. Remove weeds around the raspberries (do not use a shovel), as otherwise you may damage the roots, which are located close to the surface.

After the work has been done, dissolve a couple of spoons of ecofoska or azofoska in 10 liters of water and pour the resulting solution over the raspberries at the rate of one and a half liters per bush. If you have organic matter, prepare the following solution and use it to water the bushes: dilute manure in water (1:10) or chicken droppings (1:20).

An excellent nitrogen fertilizer for raspberries is an infusion of weeds (a bucket of weeds is filled with water, infused for 5-7 days in a warm place, filtered). Before watering the bushes with this infusion, it is recommended to add a glass of wood ash to each bush.

Immediately after fertilizing, it is advisable to mulch with compost, peat or semi-decomposed manure (a five-centimeter layer will be enough). This procedure will help maintain moisture in the soil and also attract earthworms, which, in turn, will “take care” of loosening the soil.

Fertilize gooseberries immediately after the snow melts; during this period, the ground is sufficiently moist and the roots of the bushes will be able to perfectly absorb all the nutrients. If the bushes are young enough, then pour a couple of tablespoons of nitrophoska and a glass of wood ash under each of them; for adults - twice as much.

If there is manure on the farm, cover each bush in a circle with a layer of several centimeters; this can be done without waiting for the snow to completely melt. Remember, gooseberries under three years old do not need feeding (especially if a sufficient amount of fertilizer was added to the soil when planting it).

The amount of currant harvest depends on the variety and care of the bushes. Feeding is especially important. Two-year-old bushes and younger ones do not need feeding, which cannot be said about three-year-old bushes and older ones. With a lack of nutrients, currant leaves develop slowly, do not reach large sizes and have a weaker color (light green).

If in the previous year you noticed similar signs on the bushes, then be sure to feed them in the spring: add either 10 grams of urea or 15 grams of ammonium nitrate per square meter. You can replace the above-described fertilizing with a solution of manure mixed with water in a ratio of 1 to 8, mullein (1:5), bird droppings (1:10/12). It is very important after preparing the solution to let it sit for a couple of days, and then water the currants at the rate of one bucket per 3-4 bushes.

Tip 2: How and what to feed currants and strawberries after frost

Early spring can always make serious adjustments to the development of all plants. This is especially true for currants, garden strawberries(strawberries), honeysuckle, gooseberries and other berries. Frosts and prolonged cold spells weaken the immune system and the task of gardeners is to provide first and the right help plants.

Loosening is an important step to saving plants

After positive temperatures have been established at night, before starting fertilizing, it is necessary to shallowly loosen the soil around currant, gooseberry, honeysuckle and strawberry bushes.
Loosening in tree trunk circles will help restore air exchange and the roots will warm up faster and begin their work.

Feeding by leaves

Then they start feeding. Considering that the plant’s immunity is weakened, it is preferable to give the first fertilizing to young emerging leaves rather than to the root. Soluble ones will be fast-acting complex fertilizers, which contain not only nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, but also a large group of microelements. There are a great many of them on sale today. These are Florist micro, Fertika luxury, Tsitovit and others.

It is effective to add the immune drug Epin to the solution (the ampoule dissolves in 5 liters of water). You can spray plants with Ecopin, Immunocytophyte, Stimul. All solutions are prepared according to instructions and cannot be stored.

Root feeding

You should not apply fertilizer at the root immediately after cold weather. You need to give a little time for the soil to warm up and the roots to be ready to receive nutrition. The most useful fertilizers in this case will be nitrogen fertilizers (urea, ammonium nitrate), grass infusion, and vermicompost extract. After all, young leaves have started to emerge and they need food.

You can use potassium nitrate. The dose of fertilizer application is reduced by half. Do not give a strong concentration of fertilizers. It is better to apply another fertilizing a little later.

The berry harvest will directly depend on how well and timely assistance is provided to our plants to overcome stress.

For good fruiting, currants, like other crops, need nutrients. And since this plant most often grows in one place without replanting for several years, feeding is the only way give her the nutrition she needs.

Currants and gooseberries need proper and timely feeding. To do this, it is important to take into account such nuances as soil characteristics, acidity, age of the plant and its degree of fertility.

Often, summer residents are faced with the problem of a lack of fruits, but the bush itself is quite large and green. The reason for this is most often the incorrect spring fertilizing of currants and other fruit-bearing bushes - its absence or application not in full. Even if fertilization occurs at the wrong time, the result may be negative. Therefore, it is very important to know how, what and when to feed such plants.

How to feed with nitrogen

Nitrogen agents make it possible to enhance the growth of shrubs. Without this component, plant development is impossible. At the same time, it is important to understand that an excess of nitrogen will not bring benefits - in winter period shoots may freeze, and during the fruiting period the berries will ripen unevenly.

Basically, solutions of the following substances are used as fertilizers:

ammonium nitrate;
urea;
ammonium sulfate.

The optimal time to feed shrubs is early spring- first ten days of March.

Saltpeter is produced in granules and they are applied in one of the following ways:

in dry form, scattering in the required proportion over the root zone at the rate of 30 g. per 1 sq.m. soil and plowing the ground lightly;
as an aqueous solution, which is prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions and also applied around the bush.

Aqueous solution spray very carefully so as not to touch the foliage and branches.

Mineral fertilizers

1 cup ammonium nitrate;
3 cups superphosphate;
2 cups of potassium chloride.

All components are mixed, and one glass of the resulting dry mixture is poured into 10 liters of water.

A small ditch is dug near each bush and 5 liters are poured into it clean water. After the liquid is completely absorbed, the solution is poured. You need 5 liters of it for each bush.

At the end of May, it is necessary to feed the crops again, this time organic substances. To prepare it, you need to dilute 30 g of urea and a little potassium permanganate in 10 liters of water until the solution turns pink. The crowns are sprayed with this fertilizer. This should be done late in the evening or early in the morning. This will allow the product to stay on the foliage longer.

Potash fertilizer

To do this, use agents in the form of potassium chloride, sulfate and potassium carbonate. Such fertilizing measures are aimed at increasing productivity, giving the berries an intense taste, and extending the shelf life of the fruit. Also, shrubs become less susceptible to pests and diseases. When transplanted or damaged, currants and gooseberries tolerate injury more easily, recover faster, and become resistant to winds and frost.

To feed the bushes, preparations containing potassium are used. Similar feeding of currants and gooseberries in the spring should be done during the pruning period. To do this, it is important to loosen the soil, using a matchbox of the selected preparation in the process. It is worth reducing the amount of fertilizing by half if the plant has not entered the growing season.

Spraying with nitrogen is an emergency measure; it is used only in case of quickly replenishing the deficiency of the component.

For gooseberries, a weak concentration of the drug should be used, otherwise there is a possibility of a chemical burn of the foliage.

VIDEO: Secrets of growing large gooseberries

Phosphate fertilizers

This should include the precipitate, phosphate rock, tomasslag. The most popular among drugs is superphosphate, enriched or double. The advantages of this type of fertilizer are the formation and strengthening of the root system of crops. Consequently, the shrubs will bloom intensively, healthy ovaries will appear on them, and growth will increase.

Phosphate fertilizer should be applied before the growing season. Divorced in spring hot water The plant is watered with fertilizer. The proportions should be as follows:

3 tbsp. l. preparation for 3 liters of water;
concentrate (150 ml) is diluted in 10 liters of water and added to the plants.

The procedure should be carried out once a year for shrubs that have been growing for more than 3 years. Young plants need fertilizing once every 2-3 years.

Fertilizing can also be carried out in dry form; for this purpose, granules are scattered around the bushes in a strip, moving half a meter away from the base.

If the shrubs grow on light, sandy soils, then it is important to feed them in the spring. In clay soils, it is more correct to feed bushes in the fall, since potassium remains in this type of soil longer.

Features of spring processing of currants and gooseberries

Nourish the weakened after winter fruit bushes possible with fertilizers for a long time impact. The release form of such products is in the form of sticks, briquettes and tablets. You just need to bury the selected fertilizer in the ground near the base of the bush. Fertilizing works like this: the fertilizer gradually dissolves, the bush is saturated with additional nutrition.

The row spacing method is also popular among gardeners. It is based on planting green manure crops, for example, peas, vetch, lupine. Before flowering, the shoots of the planted plants are mowed down, mixed with soil and placed around the currant or gooseberry bush, so as to cover the entire radius of the root system. Plants overheat and the soil is saturated with nutrients.

VIDEO: 7 secrets of currant fertility

How to feed correctly

The roots of the bushes are located close to the surface - 10-40 cm, remember this when fluffing the soil.
Fertilizing is applied from all sides of the bush.
Be sure to distribute the fertilizer evenly.
The radius of the soil for cultivation should be equal to the radius of the crown or slightly exceed it.
To get a significant effect from feeding, you should use a deep fertilization method. A furrow is dug around the bush at a distance of 40-50 cm from the trunk of the plant, the depth is 20-30 cm. Fertilizers should be poured into it.

Differences in feeding gooseberries and currants

Despite the similarity of care shrubs, there are differences. Currants require less potassium, since currants are more susceptible to chlorine. Therefore, before feeding, calculate the dosage for each plant variety separately. The difference lies in the fact that it is recommended to feed currants with strong additives once every 3 years, while annual feeding is important for gooseberries. When choosing fertilizer, remember that currants require more phosphorus, gooseberries require more potassium.

The correct choice of not only the component for feeding, but also the process time will help to obtain strong plant and a rich harvest.

VIDEO: How to feed gooseberries, currants and fruit trees in the spring