Mirror double-glazed windows. Types and possibilities

From the article you will learn:

Summer is characterized by strong, sometimes excessive solar activity. Sometimes this phenomenon can cause a person to experience discomfort and even health problems.

Staying in a cool room can significantly reduce the harmful effects sun rays on the body. However, offices are not always able to maintain a comfortable ambient temperature for a person for a long time. In the middle of the day, if measures are not taken to protect window openings from the surplus coming through them sunlight, the room will definitely heat up to temperatures at which human activity noticeably decreases.

What measures should be taken to prevent overheating? The most effective option is equipping the window opening with sun-protection windows. Their installation allows you to maintain the temperature in the room close to comfortable during the day, without reducing the level of illumination.

The principle of operation of sun-protection windows made of plastic

Any model of plastic windows of this type is united by the presence of a common component - reflective film. Being applied to the entire surface of the glass, this film provides effective protection of the glazed room from negative impact direct sunlight. Due to its inherent properties, it, like a filter, passes through itself light waves that are not harmful to human health, while retaining most of the dangerous ultraviolet radiation.

This material is thin and therefore quite “capricious” when applied independently. The presence of solar control film on the windows does not in any way affect the level of illumination of the room - as much light from the street side enters the glass, almost the same amount penetrates into the room.

Advantages

A plastic window with sun-protective reflective film has the following capabilities:

• Protects furniture and interior elements from fading. It is known for certain that constant exposure to direct sunlight on the components of the furnishings leads to their fading and loss of original colors. Plastic sun-protection windows successfully counteract the harmful effects of incoming light, thereby protecting furniture and interiors from fading.
• Blocks visibility of what is happening in the room. The absence of such important accessories as curtains or blinds on the window, allowing you to protect privacy from prying eyes, is no longer a problem. It has become simple and effective to hide the situation in a room with windows finished with a film with light-reflecting properties: the glazed space is not visible from the street, while visibility outside it is completely preserved. When planning your installation sun windows the buyer should take into account an important detail, namely the specificity of the reflective film material: when it gets dark, the room lit from the inside will be clearly visible.
• Creates a safe outline. It's no secret - the film applied to the glass of the window, in addition to its original purpose - protection from solar activity, protects a person from the consequences of flying fragments in the event of a window breaking. When its structure is destroyed, glass, like car glass, becomes a “web”. This prevents the massive scattering of broken pieces of glass from the damaged sheet.
• Saves energy. The presence of an additional layer on the glass in the form of a film has a beneficial effect on retaining heat in the room. This ability of sun-protected windows is especially relevant in winter time, as it allows you to save on paying bills for electricity consumed by household heaters.
• Helps increase people's performance. As you know, in a room when the temperature exceeds 29 degrees, the productivity of human actions decreases sharply. He develops: profuse sweating, fatigue, accompanied in some cases by headache with further increase blood pressure. With or office solar-protected windows made of plastic, the above problem will remain a thing of the past - the temperature regime will remain normal, which means that work in the glazed room will be carried out as efficiently as possible.

Read also: Deaf plastic windows. Advantages and disadvantages of the design

Blitz survey: Is it necessary to switch plastic windows to summer/winter mode?

Poll Options are limited because JavaScript is disabled in your browser.

The price of such a film coating is directly proportional to its thickness (density), size and light reflectance. By the way, a kit for self-gluing windows with sun protection material is quite cheap. A standard density material will cost the buyer around 150-250 rubles based on application to one double-hung window. In order for someone who wants to decorate two glasses with a coating with increased density with their own hands, he will have to spend a little more - prices for such a product vary in the range from 250 to 500 rubles.

It is worth noting that if you have the opportunity to purchase a denser material, you should opt for it, since its service life, in comparison with a thin coating, is noticeably longer.

How to apply solar control film on a window with your own hands?

Subsequence self-execution The work of gluing film onto window glass is described step by step in the instructions supplied by the manufacturer along with the product packaging. In this case, the essence of applying such tinting, as a rule, comes down to performing the following actions:

1. Preparation. The packaging with reflective film is carefully opened, and the material itself, rolled into a tube, is taken out and cut to the required size with a small margin (1-2 mm). The excess, if necessary, can later be cut off with a stationery knife directly on the windows. This film is sold in two versions: with an already applied adhesive layer and without it. Of course, the first option is preferable to purchase. If you purchased a material in which there is no sticky base, then the adhesive layer will need to be applied yourself. How? This will be discussed below.
2. Application. When using a film with an adhesive layer, its edges are freed from the protective material, and then the cut-off part is glued to the entire area of ​​​​the glass in contact with the street. The bubbles that inevitably arise from air getting under the film are moved along the path of movement using a dry cloth to the edges of the frame. If reflective film does not have a sticky side, then in order to glue it, you should use soap solution made by yourself. To prepare such a mixture, either liquid or bar soap, previously grated, is suitable. After mixing with water, the resulting solution is applied to the surface of the glass (not film!) using a sponge, after which the glass sheet is covered with film material cut to size. Removal of formed air bubbles occurs by analogy with the method described above. After several hours of drying, the film will be firmly attached to the glass.

Mirrored windows are enough interesting solution not only for cafes, but also for residential or office premises, especially those located on the first floors. They will ensure a comfortable stay in the room, provide a sufficient amount of light, but will become impenetrable to views from the street, and will be able to reflect excess ultraviolet radiation.

How are mirror structures used?

Mirror glass in windows is, in fact, ordinary glass, therefore it has the same technical characteristics, as the usual transparent double-glazed windows. Its main difference from ordinary glass is specularity, due to which it becomes impossible to see from the street what is happening inside the room. In addition, such a double-glazed window protects well from infrared radiation, resulting in a pleasant microclimate in the room. In summer, the rooms will be noticeably cooler, and in winter, heating costs will decrease.

Externally, such glass looks attractive. A building equipped with them takes on a stylish, modern appearance; however, mirrored windows also go well with classic facades, becoming invisible against the general background.

How are mirror glasses made?

There are two technologies by which mirror glass is made. The first is the simplest and most inexpensive, thanks to it you can make any double-glazed windows mirrored: to do this, just stick it on. The film may differ in its ability to transmit light. It is also classified by color.

Erect film for windows

The second method is available only at the factory; during glass production, it is coated with a thin layer of metal oxide. It is invisible to the eye, but makes the surface mirror-like.

What types of double-glazed windows are there?

Mirrored ones are more often found covered with film, because their production is cheaper, and this option is more accessible to the buyer. The protection obtained by using the film is optimal. It is not difficult to apply; you can even do it yourself on long-installed windows.

It will allow you to adjust the lighting in the room and prevent too bright sun from overheating the room. This means that interior items will not fade, the color of wallpaper and flooring will last longer, it will be noticeably cooler in the summer, and your eyes will be less tired. Wherein houseplants will receive enough light.

Mirror double-glazed windows have approximately the same functions and properties, however, they are more durable. If the film may swell over time or suffer physical damage, then the spray cannot be removed from the glass unit. On the other hand, this creates certain inconveniences: if you want to change throughput structures for light or its design, then the coated windows will have to be dismantled, while the film can simply be peeled off.

Most often, mirror film is used to decorate glass. If desired, the owner can choose any color he likes, which will help give the window a suitable appearance for any interior or facade.

Reflective glass in double glazing

Reflective glass is called glass with a mirror effect. Such a product is capable of absorbing up to 60% of harmful radiation, but transmits sufficient light. There are three types of mirror glass:

• Absorbing: do not transmit some light, have a blue or greenish tint. Infrared radiation lingers in them quite well. Glass absorbs up to 2/3 of ultraviolet radiation. 70% of the light enters the room. The only drawback of this technology is the fear of overheating. Glass gradually loses its properties at high temperatures.
• Reflective ones can perfectly insulate heat, so they will be useful not only in winter, but also in summer, when energy costs increase significantly due to the use of heating devices or air conditioners. This design is not afraid of heating, effectively absorbs radiation, excess sunlight, and has no technical deficiencies, however, its cost is much higher, which makes this technology less popular.
• Combined ones can absorb and reflect sunlight. This is the most convenient and profitable solution. This glass can be used in any climatic conditions, convenient for use in any room, regardless of the time of year, but the price of such a design is quite high.

Technical characteristics of reflective double-glazed windows

Regardless of how reflective glass is created, it will not fade or burn out, scratches will not appear on it, the thickness can reach up to 1 cm. The glass unit area can reach up to 6x3.2 meters.

The installation of such glass is no different from the installation of a conventional double-glazed window. Reflective glass is most popular for decorating supermarket facades, office buildings

If the windows of your premises face sunny side, are located on the first floors, and you want to protect your privacy from the sun and prying eyes, using mirrored glass will be an excellent solution.

Today, solar control glass comes in several modifications. At the same time, products with reflective coating are of interest to many customers. Such glass allows you to provide a high degree of protection against overheating, as well as solve related problems at the same time. Thanks to a fairly wide selection, it is now possible to eliminate the problem of excessive insolation even more flexibly.

Advantages of using reflective glasses

• confidentiality;
• energy saving;
• improved window aesthetics.

Recently, the range of these products was replenished with another modification - with a self-cleaning effect. Thanks to the presence of titanium oxide, this reflective glass not only protects from the sun, but also decomposes dirt. This process is described in detail on OknaTrade.

The protective coating on such glasses can be soft or hard. The first type of product is vulnerable to external influences, therefore not suitable for single glazing. At the same time, the soft coating more effectively blocks infrared and ultraviolet waves.

Types of reflective (mirror) glasses

1. Completely absorbing radiation– at 650°C, a ceramic, polymer or metal oxide composition is applied to the glass surface. This coating has a silver tint and does not heat up during prolonged exposure to sunlight.


2. Fully reflective– either metal oxides or special crystals are applied to glass heated to 650°C. Such products are capable of transmitting up to 75% of the waves of the visible spectrum and blocking up to 65% of infrared rays. However, in the process of separating and absorbing sunlight, they can become quite hot.


3. Combined– four layers of metal oxides applied at 650°C and subsequent hardening with finishing coat silver allows this mirror glass simultaneously absorb and reflect light.

Reflective glass is commonly used to provide privacy and aesthetic appeal to a property. They have a bronze tint on the inside and are suitable for lamination. However, all glass of this type reduces the windows and has a relatively high cost.

Reflective double glazed windows

It is also worth noting the absence mirror effect for such double-glazed windows dark time days. If in interior spaces the lights are on, everything that happens in the rooms will be perfectly visible from the street. Blinds or curtains solve the problem, but some property owners remain confident for some time that they are not visible at all times of the day, and sometimes find themselves in unpleasant situations because of this. Also, reflective double-glazed windows are afraid of severe overheating. In such cases, they may even become stained and lose some of their properties.

An economical option for providing sun protection

Each specific type of glass must perform a very specific function. There are five main functions of glass:

• soundproofing
• thermal insulation in summer
• thermal insulation in winter
• protective functions
• aesthetic functions

Strained glass

Strained glass obtained by additional heat treatment. Compared to conventional annealed glass, it has increased thermal and mechanical strength, which is ensured by the internal stresses that arise during glass tempering.

Externally, tempered glass is no different from ordinary glass, but this glass cannot be subjected to any further processing or cutting because it is destroyed when the outer layers of the glass are damaged. When broken, tempered glass breaks into small rounded fragments that do not have sharp cutting edges and are therefore safe for others.

Tempered glass is used for increased safety requirements for windows and doors.

Dot-dyed glass

Dot-dyed glass is absorbent (solar-protective glass) glass, in the manufacture of which we use various substances to obtain the desired color. It absorbs more solar thermal energy and light than normal clear glass.

The most common colors are gray and green, as well as intermediate colors between bronze and brown. It is also possible to produce glass in other colors. It is used in the manufacture of glass facades, partitions, windows and doors.

Laminated glass (Triplex)

Triplex is a multilayer glass with a polymer film or a layer of special resin located inside. At mechanical impact(impact, shot) the glass is destroyed, but the fragments remain firmly adhered to the intermediate layer, so it is safe for others. Laminated glass can be bulletproof, and triplex also has improved sound insulation properties.

The main task of a triplex is to prevent violent intrusion. Lamination does not increase the mechanical strength of glass; however, when destroyed, laminated glass remains<целым>thanks to laminated film, i.e. glass shards remain attached to the film.

Different types Laminating films can provide almost any glass tinting.

Wired glass.

Wired glass - sheet glass with metal mesh, safe and fire-resistant, which in the event of a fire forms an effective barrier against smoke and hot gases. In the event of a fire, it may crack, but the reinforcement holds it in place, thereby preventing the spread of fire.

Glass shards do not fall out even when several breaks form, but are held in place by reinforcement. Wired glass can be used for glazing factory floors, windows, skylights, elevator shafts and facades.

Patterned glass

Patterned glass is sheet glass, one surface of which has a decorative treatment. It happens different colors, drawings, various thicknesses(4-6mm), may have different light transmittance. Patterned glass can be tempered and laminated. It is mainly used for internal glazing and in the manufacture of stained glass.

Reflective glass (solar control)

Reflective glass is reflective glass with a special metal oxide coating. The coating is applied pyrolytically to one of the glass surfaces during the production process. Solar control glass intended for additional protection premises from solar ultraviolet radiation and creating the effect mirror surface.

For example, glass that is colored throughout the glass, as well as some types of glass with coatings, are sun-protective.

According to the mechanism of action, sunglasses can be divided into 2 groups:

• predominantly reflecting radiation.
• predominantly absorbing radiation.

The surface of group 1 glass is characterized by a thin metal layer applied during the production process, which prevents the penetration of radiation through the glass. It should be noted that the reflective layers simultaneously partially absorb radiation.

In the manufacture of absorbent glasses, either metal crystals or metal oxides, which have the ability to absorb part of solar radiation, are applied to the molten glass mass. In the process of absorbing radiation, the glass heats up and releases most of the heat it receives to the outside space. Some of the heat, however, is transferred indoors.

Designs that combine reflective and low emissivity coatings are a new product coming to market. Fully reflective surfaces of transparent glasses are obtained by successively applying a coating to the glass surface. As a rule, the number of coating layers is five, of which four are layers of metal oxides, and the working layer is silver. Silver has the ability to transmit visible light, just like regular glass. In the case where the wavelength is greater than 0.76 microns, silver almost completely reflects all radiation. In addition, such glasses also have good thermal insulation properties.

In microfilter glasses, microprism-shaped areas are created on the surface of the glass by etching or sandblasting. Using silk-screen printing, you can get areas that work in almost the same way. What they have in common is that only part of the glass surface is processed. When performing the operation of applying a pattern, the position of the sun above the horizon is taken into account so that the angles of the microprisms work at the minimum angle of encounter with thermal solar radiation. When the angle of incidence of solar radiation becomes smaller, the proportion of reflectivity increases. By appearance microfilter glasses are not much different from ordinary glasses.

Energy saving glass

Energy-saving glass - glass with a special coating that selectively reflects infrared rays, i.e. tolerate heat. Since the coating consists of very thin layers sprayed onto the surface of the glass, the transparency of the glass to visible light changes only slightly. This glass reflects infrared (thermal) radiation back into the room and is therefore widely used to improve the thermal insulation properties of windows.

Giving energy-saving properties to glass is associated with applying low-emission optical coatings to its surface, and the glass itself with such a coating is called low-emissivity. These coatings allow short-wave solar radiation to pass into the room, but prevent long-wave thermal radiation from leaving the room, for example from heating device Therefore, glasses with low-emissivity coatings are called “selective glasses”.

Currently, two types of coatings are used for energy-saving properties: the so-called K - glass (Low-E) - a "hard" coating and i - glass (Double Low-E) - a "soft" coating.

The soft coating gives the glass better heat-saving properties. But it is not resistant to moisture, so it cannot be long-term storage V open form. In addition, when installing glass with soft coating required for double glazing optional equipment, since it is necessary to remove the coating at the gluing site.

Hard-coated glass does not have these disadvantages, therefore, despite the worse energy-saving characteristics, such glass is much more often installed in double-glazed windows.

Comparative characteristics double-glazed windows depending on the type of energy-saving glass from various companies

Sheet polished glass is a mixture of sodium carbonate and sand, heated to temperatures above 1200 ° C and passed through a bath of molten tin.

The product, obtained by the floating strip method on the surface of molten tin, is a sheet of high-quality transparent glass with plane-parallel glossy surfaces and undistorted visibility.

Purpose of sheet polished glass

Polished sheet glass is a universal product used for the production of double-glazed windows, mirrors, glass doors, portals, when creating external enclosing structures, and other architectural structures, that is, in places where high demands are placed on light transmission.

Glass is used in a wide variety of combinations, with the main goal being increased protection:

• Protection against heat loss thanks to the application of low-emissivity coatings, such as Planibel Top N and Planibel Plus glass from Glaverbel.
• Protection against overheating using glass painted in the mass, or glass coated with metal oxides, which performs a sun-protective function.
• Noise protection - through use special technology glazing using glass of various thicknesses.
• Protection against destruction under significant mechanical loads, thanks to thermal treatment of glass in the form of tempering and heat strengthening.
• Protection.

Classification of glass types

• Flat float glass;
• Energy saving (low emission);
• Tinted in mass (selective);
• Reflex (sun reflective);
• Reflex + energy saving in one;
• Enameled;
• Special (fire-resistant, heat-strengthened, tempered, laminated, double-glazed windows with electric heating).

Flat float glass
The mixture of raw components is charged into the firebox and diluted with water to separate the desired components from the dirt. In the furnace, the glass production process goes through 3 main stages:

• smelting, when the raw material melts at a temperature of 1550 C;
• purification, when the molten glass is homogenized (becomes uniform) and gas bubbles are removed from it;
• a change in temperature when the melt is cooled to a viscous state, convenient for pulling it through a bath of tin.

Further liquid glass poured onto the surface of a bath filled with molten tin, the temperature of which is about 1000 C. The bath is made in the form of a ribbon, the thickness of the tin is 6-7 mm. Due to the high viscosity of glass, it does not mix with liquid tin, while providing a very smooth contact surface of both materials, which determines the smooth, high-quality surface of the glass. The thickness of future glass sheets is determined by the amount of molten glass poured into the bath.

After a bath with tin, the now solid glass in the form of a ribbon passes through a cold tunnel called “lehr”. The temperature of the glass gradually decreases from 620 to 250 C. The cooling process continues until the condition of the glass allows it to be cut and processed.

Chilled glass strip is cut into sheets on automatic tables the right size. Only this production method is possible to obtain M0 glass.

Energy-saving (low-emissivity) glass
Windows account for more than 40% of heat loss in a building, which consists of:

• thermal conductivity;
• convection;
• thermal radiation.

Heat loss in the first two points can be reduced by using double-glazed windows in the glazing, but the main share (2/3 of all window heat loss) comes from thermal radiation.

These losses can be reduced by using low-emissivity (LowE)-coated energy-saving glass in insulating glass units. This coating applied to the glass surface during its production by cathode sputtering in a magnetic field under vacuum conditions. The coating has the ability to reflect the infrared (thermal) part light spectrum. Glass provides good thermal insulation in winter, preventing heat from escaping from the room, while at the same time having good light transmission.

Tinted in mass (selective)
Tinted glass is glass that is colored in bulk during the melting process in a foundry. Painting in blue, bronze, gray or green color, leads to strong absorption of the corresponding parts of the spectrum. Thanks to absorption, glass absorbs about 50% of the energy of solar radiation, and subsequently reflects the energy, directing it outward.

When designing facades, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of spontaneous destruction of glass due to absorption of too much large quantity heat and subsequent thermal shock. To avoid this, it is recommended to use heat-strengthened or tempered tinted glass.

Some types of tinted glass:

• Saint-Gobain: Parsol green, grey, amber, bronze, pink;
• Pilkington: Optifloat (colors: the same), Arctic Blue (blue);
• Graverbel: Planibel (same colors + blue).

Reflective glass
Reflective glass provides more effective sun protection due to the reflective layer applied to the surface of the glass, which is applied to clear or tinted glass during its production process. Its task is to reflect both daylight and solar heat.

The use of such glass in glazing will reduce the heating of the room from sunlight, reduce the cost of air conditioning the room, ensure an optimal energy balance of the building, and also decorate it (mirror reflection effect).

Reflex + energy saving in one

• They are made by spraying two layers: reflective and energy-saving (reflective and energy-saving in one);
• They simultaneously protect the building from excessive heating and save energy;
• They save costs on both air conditioning and heating.

Enameled glass
With some digression, colored glass includes glass obtained by sintering paint with glass at high temperature. This composition is called enamel (stemalite). This glass is used for closing interfloor ceilings.

Fireproof glass
This glass is a colorless, transparent laminated glass, where sheets of float glass are bonded together with a special gel. The gel swells upon contact with fire, turning into an insulating “foam”. Depending on the glass design, it provides protection for up to 120 minutes. It is also safety glass.
Fire-resistant glass is divided into classes:

• Class E - integrity (protection from flame and combustion products);
• Class W - partial thermal insulation (up to 15 kW/m2);
• Class I - maximum thermal insulation.

The number following the class shows the time during which protection is guaranteed. So, if glass provides protection from flames and gases for 30 minutes, it is designated E30;
if the glass additionally provides protection from high temperatures, it is designated EI30, etc.

Strained glass
Tempered glass is sheet glass that has been subjected to special heat treatment to increase mechanical strength and ensure safe destruction.

• does not collapse from accidental household impacts;
• has high thermal resistance, which allows it to be used for facade glazing;
• when broken, it forms small, harmless glass fragments that are not capable of injuring people.

The bending strength of tempered glass can reach 250 MPa, which is more than 5 times higher than the tensile strength of ordinary sheet glass, and the impact strength of tempered glass is 3-4 times higher than that of ordinary glass.
An increase in mechanical strength leads to an increase in heat resistance. Ordinary glass has a heat resistance of about 400 o C, tempered glass - up to 1800 o C. This allows the glass to resist destruction when overheated or due to temperature changes.

Laminated glass
Triplex is a composition of two or more layers of glass interspersed with layers of resin or film. This glass has good protective properties— when broken, the fragments remain glued to the intermediate layer.

Depending on the intermediate layer used, triplex can acquire different properties. The Double-Glazed and Architectural Glass Factory offers triplexes:

• Noise reducing. Triplexes with such properties can reduce noise levels;
• Shockproof. Triplexes with increased strength. Different combinations of glass and resin layers make it possible to achieve different strength classes: A1-A3 - impact resistant, B1 - B3 - penetration resistant, B1-B6 - bulletproof.
• UV protective. Triplexes capable of limiting ultraviolet radiation penetrating into the room.

Self-cleaning glass "Pilkington Activ™"
Pilkington Activ™ self-cleaning glass is neutral color with a special coating based on titanium oxide, which ensures self-cleaning from organic contaminants. The coating is sprayed onto the surface of the finished glass, which has not yet cooled, giving it two new properties:

The surface of the glass becomes hydrophilic - the water that gets on the glass does not collect in drops, but evenly wets the surface. The coating ensures the catalytic decomposition of organic contaminants under the influence of natural ultraviolet radiation from the sun (the so-called photocatalytic process).

Thanks to these unique properties The coating intensively decomposes any dirt that gets on it, preventing it from adhering tightly to the surface of the glass. All contaminants are easily washed away by rain, since the hydrophilicity of the coating ensures uniform spreading of raindrops. After drying, there are no streaks or stains left on the glass. With Pilkington Activ™ glass you have much less to worry about keeping your windows clean - the glass cleans itself!

Pilkington Corporation specialists predict a coating service life of at least 20 years without loss of cleaning properties. Pilkington Activ™ self-cleaning glass does not require any special care. In appearance, glass is practically indistinguishable from ordinary glass. window glass, only under oblique lighting is a slight bluish tint of the coating noticeable. The light delay of self-cleaning glass does not exceed 7% - even slight contamination window glass blocks light more.

Double-glazed windows with electric heating
For creating maximum comfort people indoors recently window blocks, skylights, greenhouses and winter gardens They are starting to use double-glazed windows with electric heating. Electric heating of a double-glazed window equalizes the temperature difference between the inner glass of the double-glazed window and the air in the room, thereby reducing the downward flow of cold air near the surface of the glass, and reducing the circulation of cold air allows you to create the most comfortable conditions indoors with minimal heating costs. Externally, a double-glazed window with electric heating is no different from a conventional single-chamber double-glazed window. It uses hardened energy saving glass. Tempered glass ensures electrical safety, and the inter-glass strip eliminates the “cold bridge” along the entire perimeter of the glass unit.

Such a double-glazed window can be used in three modes depending on the power and solve various problems:

• surface power 50-100 W/sq.m To increase indoor comfort. Surface temperature of the window +15 - +25 C.
• power on the surface 100-300 W/sq.m For heating the room - an additional or main source of heat. Temperature inner surface glass +20°-+40° C.
• power on the surface 50-600 W/sq.m. Specific application - thawing of snow and ice and the main source of heat. The temperature of the inner surface of the glass, depending on the object, is up to +110° C.

The main advantages of double-glazed windows with electric heating:

• Elimination of condensation on the glazed surface;
• Removing snow and ice;
• Elimination of draft - directed flows of cold air;
• Possibility of sharing with the system burglar alarm;
• Maintaining a constant indoor microclimate.