Protecting wood from ultraviolet radiation and moisture Novosibirsk. Wood protection products

Under influence sun rays untreated wood fades and becomes gray shade, as a result of which buildings look dilapidated after just a few years of use.

But process wooden walls necessary not only for aesthetic reasons. Impregnations prevent cracking and deformation of the material due to sunlight, moisture and temperature fluctuations, and also protect the wood from contamination - in other words, extend its service life.

Wood contains lignin, a substance responsible for color and strength. If the wood surface is not treated by special means, lignin decomposes under the influence of ultraviolet rays and the tree loses its color. It first brightens, then becomes gray. This process is called wood burning. In addition, the tree cracks due to the breakdown of lignin. Its surface becomes more fragile, rougher, porous, and absorbs moisture faster. With further exposure to ultraviolet radiation, fungus will spread over the surface. All these factors can be easily prevented with proper surface treatment.

Types of protective compounds

Protective compounds for wood processing differ in purpose:

• Primers, or basic, provide comprehensive protection and improve the penetration of finishing coatings into the wood structure.
• Finishing provide direct protection from ultraviolet radiation. They also enhance basic protection and perform a decorative function: they give the wood the desired shade or shine.

Depending on the purpose, there are means for initial protection and therapeutic ones, which are used for surfaces already affected by atmospheric influences.

Exterior products should not be used indoors as they may have bad smell or toxic substances in the composition.

Oil is the main assistant in protecting wood

Finish coatings include:

• Paints
• Oils

Varnishes and paints are more common than oils, but they have a number of disadvantages:

• The protective film formed on the surface after their application does not allow the wood to breathe. Moisture passes through the small pores of the protective layer, accumulates under the coating and opens it, as a result, the wood in these areas remains unprotected.
• Renewing a surface coated with paint or varnish is a very labor-intensive and time-consuming process. Old surface it is necessary to clean off the previous layer, sand it and only then apply a fresh layer.

Oil – more suitable remedy for outdoor work. The method of protecting wood with natural oils has been known since ancient times.

Oils adhere well to any type of wood and effectively protect the surface from atmospheric influences. Unlike paints and varnishes, oil penetrates deep into the wood structure, leaving the surface breathable. It does not create a film on the surface of the wood, so it does not crack over time and does not lose its visual appeal. It will be easier to renew the walls of a house, gazebo or terrace than with varnish and paint. The surface will only have to be cleaned of dirt and treated with oil again.

The oil will help give wooden structure special kind. This surface is pleasant to the touch, silky and looks natural. Currently, the color range of tinting oils, that is, those that give wood the desired shade, is varied. Colorless, cherry, pine, rosewood, white, oak, basalt, green - you will have to think carefully about the choice of color. Therefore, oil is also used to decorate wooden surfaces. If as finishing coating tinting oil is used, it will wash out much more slowly.

On sunny side After some time, the wooden surface may change color - fade. This will not in any way affect the strength and quality of the wood itself, and the color will be restored after additional processing with the same material.

Protecting wood from ultraviolet rays with oil

On modern market special oils are presented that protect the surface from exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

The DECKEN product line includes a protective oil for protecting wooden structures from sunlight. DECKEN UVFasad Oil. It contains components that block ultra-violet rays and do not allow them to reach the surface.

The coating can be used on any vertical wooden surfaces, including fences, doors, windows, garden furniture. It leaves the pores of the wood open, allowing it to breathe, and also gives it water- and dirt-repellent properties.

Today, domestic and foreign manufacturers represent a very a large number of different means to protect wood (from fire, sun, moisture, beetles, fungus, etc.). To avoid regretting lost money in the future, choose carefully this product. We offer a list of the most known means designed to protect wood.

Russian wood preservatives

"BIOX" - often used as a decorative coating. Presented in two types:

1. colorless (reveals the wood pattern, making it brighter);
2. colored (gives the wood the desired shade, leaving the texture of the wood).

Approximate consumption of the product: for planed wood - 0.1 l per 1 m, for unplaned wood - 0.2 l per 1 m.

“KSD” - used for external processing of wooden structures (then an oil or synthetic coating is applied).

Has fire-fighting properties.

"WOOD DOCTOR"- provides the most complete biological protection tree. Today there are four types (brands) of this antiseptic:

1. grade 1 is used for preventative treatment surfaces;
2. grade 2 - for treating contaminated wood;
3. grade 3 - to destroy rot on wood;
4. grade 4 - for protection against insects that feed on wood fiber (especially against beetles).

The consumption of the product depends on the quality of the wood (planed or unplaned wood) and its condition.

"BARKIS" is an anti-corrosion waterproofing composition. Used for comprehensive protection of concrete, brick or wooden products. This composition is resistant to acid, alkaline and salt solutions. But only a synthetic coating is placed on it.

Approximate consumption: 0.3 l per 1 m.

"AQUATEX" - is a protective antiseptic coating on water based(analogous to Pinotex).

Approximate consumption: for planed wood - 1 liter per 7-10 m, for unplaned wood - 1 liter per 4-5 m.

"SOTEX" is a protective antiseptic coating based on a solvent (in no case acetone), an analogue of "Pinotex".

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 4-10 m (depending on the roughness of the wood).

"BIOSEPT" - bioprotective coating.

Approximate consumption: 0.15-0.20 l per 1 m.

"Drying oil NATURAL"- used to protect wood (before covering the surface with a composition on oil based). It is absorbed quite deeply into the wood.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m

Finnish protective equipment

"Valtti podhyste"- (or “Valtti-Pohja”) is a primer that is very well absorbed by wood and slows down the action of bacteria from a damp environment. All these compositions retain the wood texture (provided they are not tinted).

"Valtti Aqua Color"- this product protects not only external but also internal surfaces from mold and blue stains. In this case, there is no need to varnish the latter.

“Vinha” - it contains special additives that prevent the formation of mold and blue stains. Has water-repellent properties. This product is used for painting both new and previously treated wooden surfaces with antiseptics.

"Homeenpoisto-1"- is the best remedy for removing mold. This is a special solution for washing off (removing) fungus and mold from wooden, concrete and plastered surfaces.

"Valtti Color" is matte decorative means to protect wood from ultraviolet radiation, rot, blue stains and mold. Preserves wood texture. On internal surfaces This composition is varnished.

Approximate consumption: for unplaned wood - 1 liter per 4-8 m, for planed wood - 1 liter per 8-12 m.

"Valtti Color Extra"- is a glossy jelly-like oil-containing decorative film-forming agent that provides wood with long-term protection from ultraviolet radiation, rot, blue stains and mold. This composition preserves the wood texture.

Approximate consumption: for an unplaned surface - 1 liter per 4-8 m, for a planed surface - 1 liter per 8-12 m.

"Valtti Aqua Color"- is a water-based product for protecting wooden surfaces (based on vegetable oil). Protects wood from mold, rot, and blue stains. Maintains texture. Used for internal and external protection of wood.

"Valti Color Satin" is a semi-matte film-forming glazing antiseptic that adds shine to a wooden surface. Protects wood from fungus, ultraviolet radiation, rot, mold, and blue stains. Preserves wood texture. Used for external processing.

Approximate consumption: for an unplaned surface - 1 liter per 4-8 m, for a planed surface - 1 liter per 8-12 m.

"Valtti Podhjuste"- this colorless primer composition containing linseed oil. Absorbs into wood and slows down the effects of moisture, fungi, rot, mold, and blue stains. The top is coated with paint.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 4-10 m.

"Vinha" is a semi-matte acrylatex covering agent (contains alkyd) for protection and finishing wooden facades. It also contains additives against the formation of mold and blue stains on wood and has a water-repellent property. It is used to coat new (as well as previously treated with antiseptics) wood.

Approximate consumption: for an unplaned surface - 1 liter per 4-6 m, for a planed surface - 1 liter per 8-10 m.

German defenses

"Alligator Diffundin Holtz-Impregnirung"- colorless matte water-based primer for exterior and interior work. Has high protective property in wet areas(from rotting, plants and insects).

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Alligator Diffundin-Biolinium"- varnish is used for processing any wood. It is based on emulsion vegetable oils. Used for both external and internal work. Resistant to weather conditions(albeit vapor permeable). Protects against so-called warping, blistering and peeling.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Alligator Diffundin Holtzfarbe"- fire-retardant paint for wood, diluted with water, resistant to any weather conditions, as well as to the effects of industrial exhaust gases. This paint is vapor-permeable, highly elastic, bio-resistant, and preserves the structure of the wood.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Remmers Idol AshKa - Azure 2000"- is a glazing paint. Used for processing wood that does not have contact with the soil. Protects against blue stains, sunlight, dampness, wood rot and insects. Apply only to dry and cleaned wooden surface at least 2 layers. When treating the surface of oak, it is first primed with colorless paint. Does not peel off or form cracks. It is strictly forbidden to store this product in the cold.

"Remmers Idol Hydro Blaugrunt"- is a water-based primer for wood that protects against blue staining. Dries within 1 hour.

Approximate consumption: 0.25 l per 1 m.

"Remmers Idol Farblazur"- is a protective and decorative glaze (alkyd based) for any type of wood. It has not only protective, but also decorative properties, accordingly does not require additional final coating. Can be used both indoors and outdoors. If the application technology is properly followed, it will last from 8 to 10 years.

Approximate consumption: 0.08 l per 1 m.

"Remmers Adolit Holzbau B"- is a long-term means of combating rot, house fungus, worms and house wood bugs. Absorbs very well.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Riesa Holtziegel"- varnish is used for both interior and exterior work (alkyd based). Elastic, scratch resistant. Contains fungicidal additives, applied in 2-3 layers. This varnish comes in matte and glossy.

Approximate consumption (per layer): 0.13 l per 1 m.

"Relius Holes Ground"- is a primer for protecting wooden products from blue staining (water-based). Penetrates deeply into wood. Used for outdoor work.

Approximate consumption: 105 ml per 1 m.

"Relius Holzimpregner Ground"- is an alkyd-based primer. Protects against blue stains and fungi. Penetrates deeply into wood. Used for outdoor work.

Approximate consumption: 100 ml per 1 m.

"Marshal Martex" is a protective impregnation for wood. Saves natural look and wood structure. Penetrates deep into the surface. Protects against bacteria and insects. Prevents the formation of fungi. It is used for both internal and external work.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 12 m.

“Marshal Yachtny” is a waterproof and light-resistant glossy varnish (urethane-alkyd based). Protects wooden surfaces from aggressive influences external environment. Often used to cover parquet.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 10-16 m.

"Marshal Parke" is a varnish that protects a wooden surface from the effects of an aggressive external environment. Often used to cover parquet.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 10-16 m.

PINOTEX protective equipment

PINOTEX AQUA BASE is a water-soluble colorless primer for the protection of wooden surfaces. Well absorbed. Used to prime wood before using Pinotex classic, Pinotex Ultra, Pinotex Special or oil-alkyd paints.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 7-11 m.

PINOTEX BASE is a colorless primer for protecting wooden surfaces. Well absorbed. Used to prime wood before using Pinotex Classic, Pinotex Ultra, Pinotex Special or oil-alkyd paints.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 8-14 m.

PINOTEX SPECIAL is an opaque paint (based on alkyd-linseed oil) for the protection of wooden surfaces. Contains components that prevent tree diseases. Forms an elastic, light-resistant surface on the surface. water-repellent film. Tinted in 44 tones.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 6-12 m.

PINOTEX ULTRA - this decorative product for protecting wooden surfaces is resistant to environment. Best suited for planed wood. Allows you to reveal the texture of the surface, preserving its natural beauty. Tinted.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 6-12 m.

PINOTEX WOOD OIL is a transparent wood-protective oil based on natural and modified oils and waxes for all wooden surfaces. It does not form a coating film and provides a highly water-repellent surface, while at the same time highlighting the structure of the wood.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 15-20 m.

PINOTEX CLASSIC - used as a decorative, environmentally resistant product to protect any wooden surfaces. Allows you to reveal texture while preserving the natural beauty of wood. Tinted.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 8-14 m

Protective equipment of the company "AI SI AI"

Dulux fungicidal Wash is a water-based antifungal (fungicidal) solution. Used for treating wooden surfaces contaminated with mold, mildew, etc. A day after application, it is necessary to remove mold from the wooden surface and rinse the wood with clean water.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 30 m

Dulux Exterior - “Dulux Exterior Prisitive Bayscoat” (UK). It is a protective primer for exterior wooden coverings. When using it, all coatings will not fall off ahead of time.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 25 m.

Dulux Protective Woodstain is a semi-matt wood stain. Protection lasts about 4 years. Durable, water-repellent coating. Does not fade or peel. Reflects ultraviolet rays that destroy the structure of wood. Environmentally friendly product. Can be used outside and inside!

Very economical, approximate consumption: 1 liter per 22-25 m.

UV protection is necessary not only for the coating, but also for the wood itself. Ultraviolet - short-wave invisible radiation that is part of natural sunlight - is especially dangerous for wood.

Effect of UV rays

Significant feature of coatings paint and varnish materials(LKM) is the protection of the wood surface from the harmful effects of UV rays. They represent a part of the solar spectrum that is invisible to the human eye and, due to its high energy content, can cause destruction. UV rays destroy lignin, the basis construction wood, lignin is a natural polymer in wood (20-30% content), which gives wood properties such as color, structure, density, hardness, etc. The destruction of lignin can be clearly observed in the process of fading and warping of paper in the sun. In a similar way, ultraviolet radiation affects wood products exposed to the sun (windows and doors). Over time, the wood becomes gray and loose, its external and internal structure, deteriorates appearance products. Along with such an unattractive color, the adhesion of this layer to the paintwork also becomes insufficient, since the “destruction products” no longer provide a strong connection with undestroyed wood. Opaque systems do not transmit rays to the surface of the wood. Transparent systems have a lower pigment content and allow rays to pass through, leading to degradation.

UV protection

Not only wood, but also paintwork must be protected from harmful UV rays. A dark primer helps protect the wood from UV rays (even if the workpiece is coated with a light varnish, light graying does not immediately become noticeable). But a significant part of the UV rays is filtered through the light varnish. Therefore, the dried layer of varnish must be protected so that it does not become brittle and collapse. This means that wood must be additionally protected from the harmful effects of UV rays.

Here special UV protective agents are added, or correspondingly higher pigmentation, which diverts UV rays.

To establish the effect of UV protection, you can pass UV rays through the coating layer and measure on the device what the output is on the other side of the coating.

Absorption – absorption of radiation

Help can be provided by “absorbing” radiation (Absorption), there are three possibilities:

• Increasing the pigment content - in this case, the probability of the beam hitting the pigment increases, destruction is reduced, but the overall tonality of the paints becomes darker.
• Increasing the layer thickness will also result in a darker layer, but problems may arise when the paint layer dries.
• Addition of UV protective agents - scattered or diverted rays lose their strength. To do this, they use either additional substances that receive dangerous radiation and, to some extent, “sacrifice” themselves, or substances that are invisible and eliminate the danger by scattering radiation particles.

Determining the protective effect of any coating ultimately leads to a certain number, which, based on many years of experience, is 2.4% UV transmittance. This number represents the ratio of UV rays "absorbed" to those transmitted, through a certain part UV spectrum (440-280 nm).

Wood has been used as a building material for over a hundred years. They prefer to use it for the construction of baths, residential buildings, and summer cottages. It is the most environmentally friendly, safe and warm material with low thermal conductivity. Wood also values ​​its aesthetically attractive appearance. Therefore, it is often used as decorative element for external and interior decoration log house But the service life of wooden material can be shortened due to atmospheric influences on it. After all, moisture, insects, precipitation, wind, sunlight, fungus and fire are dangerous for the strength and other characteristics of wood. And to extend the service life of this building material, it is necessary to provide it with reliable and timely protection.

The main causes of wood destruction according to scientific developments

Wood is alive natural material, which contains a certain percentage of moisture. The amount of moisture varies depending on the ambient temperature, air humidity and other weather conditions. Water has a strong influence on the structure of wood: on a cloudy, rainy day it swells, and on a summer day, on the contrary, it dries out. The strength of the structure suffers greatly from these constant changes. Therefore, wood must be protected from moisture.

Photo: proper storage lumber in a stack.

When saving wooden material from water, there is no need to trim (cover) it with film or oilcloth. After all, wood must breathe and a violation of air exchange will lead to the formation of an even more serious problem - damage to the wooden material by fungus or mold. And they, in turn, will provoke the development of putrefactive processes, which will lead in the near future to the complete destruction of the entire structure.

Photo: improper storage of timber in a stack.

How to deal with the atmospheric influences on wood material

The condition of the wood directly depends on natural conditions, in which it is located. Ultraviolet radiation and moisture destroy the wood structure, changing its shade and density. Biological agents and insects destroy strength characteristics material. Wood is both food and home for wood-boring beetles. They, being in the structure of the tree, destroy its strength, making many holes (passages) in it. Precipitation and temperature changes lead to rotting of wood. The first signs of putrefactive processes in wooden material are the formation of fungi and mold on its surface.

To provide the wood with proper and reliable protection, it must be treated periodically. protective compounds. Antiseptics are the best way to combat the appearance of microorganisms and insects. And to prevent moisture from penetrating into the wood structure, film-forming, water-repellent compounds should be used: varnishes, paints, etc.

In the modern construction market there is a large number complex means. They perform a protective function, thanks to the fungicides included in the composition, and a decorative one.

Expert opinions on protecting wood from biological agents

Helps protect wood from biological agents and various insects Yaroslavl decorative antiseptic PREMIUM. This product has big amount positive feedback among developers and builders. It is intended to ensure protection of wood from atmospheric phenomena and biological contamination for 7 years, as well as to perform decorative finishing. It also prevents the influence of sunlight on wooden material, trapping ultraviolet radiation in the outer layer. You can use PREMIA decorative antiseptic both inside and outside the room.

It has an environmentally friendly composition with minimal solvent content. It contains highly effective fungicides that protect wood from blue staining, fungus, mold, and wood-boring beetles. They are also capable of eliminating damage to the material that has already begun by biological agents.

This product can improve and decorative characteristics wooden material, giving it the shade of any type of wood after application, thanks to the alkyd varnish and pigments included in the composition. Antiseptic PREMIA emphasizes the structure of wood and tints it uniformly. This composition is easy to apply, absorbs well into the structure of the material and dries quickly (24 hours after application). After processing, a breathable coating is formed on the surface of the wooden material, through which you can see the pattern of the unique structure of the wood.

One of the best decorative and at the same time antiseptic agents intended for treating log houses, bathhouses and other wooden structures is decorative Bystrolak from the Yaroslavl Paints company. The basis of its safe and economical composition is alkyd varnish, pigments, and fungicides. It can be used for exterior work (painting benches, fences, window frames etc.) and indoors (apply to doors, walls, furniture).

The resulting layer of varnish dries very quickly; at an air temperature of +20, it may take only 5 hours. Bystrolak is resistant to negative impact atmospheric phenomena. He is not afraid of sunlight, precipitation, or temperature changes. After applying Bystrolak, the surface of the wood acquires a beautiful, glossy shine. And the structure of the material under the resulting layer is not hidden, but emphasized and stands out favorably. There are 9 shades in the palette of this product that imitate various types of wood (ash, rosewood, golden oak, walnut, pine, Oregon, mahogany, teak, rowan).

Protective decorative compounds for finishing and providing protection wooden structure there are many means. But they all have either high cost or low quality. I consider Neomid Biocolor Ultra to be the best product in terms of quality and price. This domestic company has been proven over the years; consumers value the products for their environmental friendliness and effectiveness.

Biocolor Ultra is made on an alkyd base. It provides wooden material reliable protection against weather conditions, cracking, mold, rot, and insects. It contains microwax, which provides elasticity to the resulting coating and additional waterproof characteristics. This decorative product protects wood from sunlight and prevents it from fading, thanks to the presence of a UV filter in the composition.

Biocolor Ultra can be used indoors and outdoors. It does not affect the structure of the wood, it only emphasizes its beauty. Easily applied to a wooden surface, a semi-glossy, translucent layer is formed. Color palette decorative composition consists of 9 shades, including colorless. But it can be tinted with special pastes.