A person loves to live and work in warmth and space, and modern technologies construction of houses takes into account these needs without fail. In this regard, Finnish technology is close to ideal and our compatriots are happy to order such houses, especially since our countries have the same northern wind rose, soil properties and air humidity. This means that construction can be carried out without adaptation to the climate. Additional benefits Finnish houses that attract buyers are efficiency, speed of construction and aesthetic appearance. Find out more about Finnish construction technology frame houses, a description of the construction sequence in this article.
Peculiarities
What is Finnish frame house? Its technology is distinguished by its simplicity and structural reliability. The frame is built from wooden boards or bars, the distance between which is from 20 centimeters to a meter. When installation and interior finishing begin, the space between them is covered with transverse boards and sheets that do not bear load. Safe and free to change internal layout rooms and material of walls, ceilings Finnish technology: install new doors, cut windows, change electrical lines and combine rooms.
At the core, every part of a Finnish house is made of wood, a material that is economical and pleasant to the touch and smell. Wood does not evaporate harmful substances, breathes easily, slowly corrodes and deforms by 0.5-1%. This is an environmentally friendly material that does not cause allergic reactions.
Advantages and disadvantages of technology
Today every fifth standing house in Russia - frame. The rest is occupied by obsolete brick houses Soviet buildings or block cottages.
Frame technology is universal solution, which is used for the construction of both an ultra-modern cottage and a cozy country house.
The cost-effectiveness of the technology also makes it attractive for construction production premises and simple small domestic buildings.
In general, the following advantages of Finnish houses are distinguished:
Price. Build a house with an area of 130 square meters will cost 960-990 thousand rubles. This is 120 thousand rubles less than the market value of wooden country houses comparable area, which will remain for decor and amenities. At the same time, the house will remain without the stamp of an already designed one, with a strict internal layout.
Comfortable microclimate . A house using Finnish technology is not afraid sharp changes temperatures, humidity above 50% and wind. Wooden beams are durable, not subject to cracks, moisture-proof and heat-resistant. Warmth and dryness are maintained around the clock, and the installation of ventilation and air conditioning creates an internal microclimate.
Ease of construction. Not required for construction separate entrance for heavy construction equipment, installation special tools lifting and mounting materials.
No seasonal restrictions. Not used in the construction of a house foundation construction concrete. Instead, solid bricks or rubble concrete are laid, which are not limited by cold frosts and floods.
Construction can only be interrupted by a strong storm or rain; the rest of the time, in winter and summer, work goes on as usual
Safety and reliability. The frame materials are not afraid of open fire, are resistant to seismic activity and strong winds. Flexibility and great cross section materials are saved when brick and ordinary non-Finnish wooden frame structures are deformed and destroyed.
The technology also has disadvantages, but they are quite easy to deal with:
Noise insulation. Thin and natural wood partitions allow sound from adjacent rooms to pass through and street area, which is inconvenient in large populated areas and partnerships. The solution is to double the insulation layer between the layers of the wall and build a separate soundproofing sheet.
Natural pests . Small insects and other living creatures can inhabit the space between the upholstery slabs of houses that are filled with sealant. Mice and ants often take advantage of this chance to settle, but it is enough for them to simply block the road if you ensure that there are no microcracks and that construction technology is followed. This problem is mostly far-fetched, since we heard about mice in the house long before the advent of new construction technologies.
Any tree can be attacked by insects. To avoid these troubles, all wooden knots Houses
On our website you can get acquainted with the most from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.
Construction materials
The simplicity of the cottage design using Finnish technology lies in established and similar materials. The frame is constructed from glued beams, the service life of which reaches several centuries. Their cross-section is 2.5 centimeters larger than the standard, which gives a margin of safety, the cost is low, and flammability and tendency to rot and loss of strength over the years are excluded.
After constructing the frame, load-bearing structure, the stage of creating walls and horizontal floors begins. The subfloor is laid out OSB sheets or plywood on ceilings, after which it becomes the first layer of flooring on the second floor. The cross frame is designed to support the load and maintain a ventilation gap, which prevents the finished floorboards from rotting in high humidity conditions.
For thermal insulation, sheets of plasterboard and mineral wool. In this case, the cracks and gaps are covered polyurethane foam, to avoid backlashes and lack of drafts.
The roof is mounted on rafter system, the elements of which are fixed with nails. For strength, the structure is fastened with boards. After that rafter legs are laid on the base of the wall, they are fixed and the roof is installed. Most often this is metal tiles.
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Foundation
The main dilemma is choosing the right foundation under correct construction. Houses built using Finnish technology are structurally light - but people are free to make the structure heavier as needed.
An area of less than 200 square meters and the absence of additional massive structures in the house (stone stove) will most likely lead to the choice pile-grillage foundation. In this case, pits for piles are drilled in the ground, and formwork is installed above them for shallow strip foundation. Everything is poured with concrete and as a result the piles stand at the level of soil freezing, and the grillage transfers the load from the house to them.
Due to the relative lightness of the entire structure, the foundation can be chosen based not only on the quality of the soilfigcaption>
Mass, multi-story, permanent place blowing air currents and soil susceptibility to erosion are all prerequisites for installation strip foundation. This is a massive and reliable reinforced concrete strip, laid in a monolithic layer under each load-bearing wall Houses. It's more expensive previous version, but stronger and suitable for houses of all sizes.
Calculations and project
When a person plans his own home, he describes the necessary qualities of the house. Needed for work Personal Area, a family with several children will need (number of children + 1-2) rooms, the head of the family will get a room on the second floor with a private window and balcony. Design in our case is determining the location of the rooms, how they will connect and correlate with each other, what materials will be needed.
This is what the layout of a house might look like for a family with more than one child.
Pay attention to what will surround the house and how to prepare for it:
Climatic features of the region.
The amount of rainfall will affect the quality and type of roof surface. Composite tiles, steel sheet with an aluminum-zinc coating, will be needed in case of constant precipitation, so that the water reaches the drainage paths and does not wash out the blocks. Cheap and cheerful corrugated sheets will be better in calm environments.
The thermal insulation material depends on the wind rose. Cellulose wool, foam glass for the chilly Nordic winds, polystyrene foam and chipboard for warmth and comfort.
Terrain
Uneven surfaces will be a prerequisite for the installation of a pile-grillage foundation, which varies in depth of penetration and angle of entry into the ground rocks. The inclination and flatness of the surface will affect the type of frame assembled, the number necessary materials and methods of fastening.
Composition and type of soil, number of floors of the house
Will affect the type of foundation used and location vertical bars from each other.
If the terrain and soil characteristics allow, a Finnish house may also have a basement
Stages of building a house using Finnish technology
Personal preposition and design. Determination of the number and size of rooms, floors, type of materials used and expected load on the skeleton and frame.
Construction of the foundation. Allow at least two days to build the foundation to gain the necessary strength and stabilize it on the soil cushion.
Start construction of the zero tier of the frame. Wooden beams must be treated with an antiseptic and placed on waterproofing layer on top of the foundation. At the corners of the house and at the intersection of walls, the timber is joined groove to groove and reinforced with self-tapping screws and studs for increased reliability.
Construction frame walls on the ground and lifting them using a winch. Fastening using grooves and corners, installing beams between walls. Laying out the subfloor, installing joists along the surface and sealing the insulation between them. Wood cladding and tiles will be installed last, in the final part of construction.
Video description
About the features of wall construction frame house in the video:
Erection of the roof and installation of external wooden slabs, future external walls the buildings. Installation of insulation and future electrical wiring cables. Elimination of cracks and holes with polyurethane foam.
Recommendations for selection heat-insulating material. Mineral wool insulation is reliable, its service life is about 25 years - at a competitive cost of the material, it is durable and does not require constant updating.
Expanded polystyrene decomposes over time, and thus forms polymer compounds, poisoning nature and residents.
In construction using Finnish technology, sandwich panels with mineral wool are more often used; it is universal and simple.
Exterior finishing and interior work . Wall covering, from budget drywall to the personal preferences of future residents.
Conclusion
Construction using Finnish technology is universal: there is no connection to a specific layout, you can constantly change the internal architecture. Thermal insulation and microclimate regulation without leaving the building are compensated by low sound insulation, which can be strengthened separately.
This is a version of modernity that takes on the appearance of the owner of the building. Structural simplicity is responsible for the reliability and practicality of the cottage.
You can build a frame house with your own hands very quickly in time, while financial expenses will be insignificant.
The cost of building a frame house is relatively low compared to other buildings.
There are 2 technologies frame construction: Canadian and Finnish. Both are applicable for construction. Frame Finnish house You can build it with your own hands over the summer, and several people are quite capable of handling this technology.
Design and calculations
The most important stage is design. This is the advantage of building a house with your own hands. Indeed, at this stage, after listening to all the wishes of family members, you can rationally plan the space of the frame house. When designing, it is necessary to take into account climate conditions, terrain, soil type, and the number of storeys of the future frame house.
“Pie” wall of a frame house.
The analysis will allow you to choose the right wood for the frame, type of foundation, roofing materials, and type of insulation. A rational project will allow you to save money on the purchase of materials, as well as avoid gross mistakes already in the process of building a frame house.
When calculating the size of the blocks of a frame house, you should proceed from the size of the materials that are supposed to be used. So, if a board 50 mm thick and 6 m long is chosen for the construction of the frame of the block, then it is more reasonable to make the ceiling height 3 m. If the plywood sheet has a width of 1220 mm, then the width of the block will have the same size. That is, a standard block for a frame house will be a multiple of these dimensions, and non-standard blocks (with window, door openings, corner) should be calculated separately.
Foundation and its features
The Finnish frame house itself is quite lightweight design, therefore, its construction does not require a powerful foundation. However, if the house involves a structure with 2 full floors, then the foundation must withstand the maximum load. Not only the geometry of the frame house and its service life, but by and large the safety of the residents depend on the strength, strength and reliability of the foundation.
Construction of a strip foundation.
To build the foundation of a house with your own hands, you can use bored piles, asbestos cement columns filled with concrete, and a strip foundation that is sunk shallowly.
It is the strip foundation that is most often laid when building a house with your own hands. It requires the following materials and tools:
- fittings (steel rods with a diameter of 10 mm);
- cement, sand, fine crushed stone, water;
- boards (size 40 mm) for formwork;
- screw studs (for screeding formwork);
- concrete mixer or container for mixing concrete components manually.
Marking for the foundation is done using pegs and rope.
Marking of the future house is carried out on the ground. Using stakes and a cord, a contour is marked on the ground according to the design. Then they dig a trench 30 cm wide and no more than 50 cm deep along the entire perimeter of the intended contour. Next, formwork is installed, the height of which above ground level is no more than 40 cm. In this case, low-quality boards are often used for it, which entails the leakage of the solution through the cracks and excessive consumption of materials. Therefore, it is more rational to buy boards for formwork, which leave minimal gaps when joined, and then reuse them for household needs.
In order to eliminate the gaps between the boards, they can be additionally fastened together with screw pins. After the formwork is all assembled, it is necessary to lay reinforcement in it. The reinforcement can be tied together with wire or plastic ties.
In addition, a pipe is laid across the foundation in several places, the length of which corresponds to the width of the foundation. The presence of this pipe will create a ventilation gap for the floor. Next, mix the solution and pour the foundation, lightly tamping the concrete to achieve complete filling and prevent the formation of voids. After the foundation has hardened, you can begin building a frame house.
DIY frame: nuances
After hardening, a layer of waterproofing is laid on the foundation. It can serve as several layers of roofing material. In this case, the roofing material is allowed to hang from the foundation. Next, the bottom trim is made.
For the bottom harness you need:
For the bottom trim of the house you need to take a 200x150 mm beam.
- timber 200x150 mm;
- long screws;
- building level;
- screwdriver
The timber, pre-treated with a special antiseptic composition, is laid on top of the waterproofing layer. In this case, for the corners, a groove-to-groove connection method and additional fixation with self-tapping screws are used. The middle bars of the strapping are also placed in the grooves and secured with self-tapping screws. The distance between the middle bars of the strapping should be a multiple of the size of the OSB sheet or plywood that is used for the subfloor. The lower harness is leveled, and the horizontal must be strictly observed.
Next, the subfloor is installed. To do this, floor joists are laid on the bottom frame. The width between the joists should correspond to the width of the insulation mats, but it is necessary to take into account the possible presence of partitions and heavy structures (stove, fireplace) in the future home. Everything needs to be checked against the project. The logs are placed in the grooves of the strapping and carefully secured. Next, a 20 mm thick board, cut to size, is nailed between the floor joists. Thin sheets of OSB or plywood are laid on it. Next, insulation is laid on these sheets between the bars. Mineral wool, which is sold in rolls or sheets, can be used as insulation.
If you decide to use mineral mats, they should be laid overlapping each other.
If you lay mineral mats overlapping, this will increase the thermal insulation properties of the floor.
This installation method will increase the thermal insulation properties of the floor. After this, the entire surface is covered with a vapor barrier film. Moreover, this film should cover both the insulation and the joists. It is also laid with an overlap, and the joints between the strips are taped. It is secured with a construction stapler or using staples and nails with a wide head.
After this, a 40x10 board is placed on the joists along the entire length of the joists to create a ventilation gap. This gap will keep the floors from rotting longer. After this, OSB sheets or thick sheets of plywood are laid, which will be the basis of the finished floor. Final flooring carried out after completion of construction. The logs, like the bars of the lower trim, should be impregnated with an antiseptic composition.
When the floor is ready, you can form the frame of the house. To assemble the blocks, you must choose the most even horizontal surface to avoid distortions. For the frame posts, a board measuring 145x45 mm is used. The most reliable fastening is considered to be the tongue-and-groove system. Self-tapping screws, nails, metal serrated plates. After one of the walls is completely assembled, it must be lifted and installed.
When building with your own hands and there is no possibility to use a machine crane, the wall is lifted using winches and automobile cables. The lower bases of the racks are fixed into grooves pre-cut in bottom harness Houses. While the frame does not have the necessary rigidity, therefore stops are organized, which can serve as wooden beams, one end resting on the ground and the other on the frame.
In addition, the use of small bars and metal pins will provide additional strength to the structure. The installation of all other walls of the frame house is carried out in a similar manner.
Additional points
After the first floor is assembled, construction of the floors begins.
After the first floor is assembled, construction of the floors begins. To do this, beams with a section of 245x50 mm are used as floors. The distance between them is no more than 350 mm. This step will ensure the reliability of the flooring of the second floor or attic. The lower part of the beams is sewn up plywood sheets or OSB sheets 18 mm thick.
This will be the ceiling for the first floor and the subfloor for the attic. If the project involves the installation of a second floor, then its assembly is no different from the assembly of the first. The only thing is that to transport the frame to the floors, you can put boards on the ground and floors and use these guides to lift the frame assembled below using a car cable.
As rafters, you can use timber with a section of 150x50 mm. The rafters are attached to the beam system in increments of no more than 400 mm. The rafters are fastened with metal brackets, and short jibs provide greater rigidity. Top part the rafters are sheathed with lathing. The remaining boards after dismantling the foundation formwork, which must be cleaned and treated with an antiseptic compound, are suitable for it. The sheathing can be continuous or with a small step between the boards.
Until the frame is covered with OSB boards or plywood and insulated, it’s time to lay engineering communications. This should be done very carefully and painstakingly, because after sealing the racks it will be very difficult to change anything. All sewer outlets and sockets must be covered with film to prevent foreign objects from entering.
To protect the walls from wind and cold air, the outer walls must be sheathed with windproof boards.
After the entire frame of the house has been assembled, it is necessary to begin insulating it. To protect frame walls from wind and cold air, the outer walls are sheathed with windproof boards or windproof film. However, the use of slabs is preferable, since they fit very tightly to the racks, leave no gaps and completely eliminate drafts. Due to their flexibility and porous structure, they are not subject to changes in temperature and humidity.
In addition, they are made from environmentally friendly pure materials and have a thickness of 12 mm. The top of the slabs can be covered with windproof film. Stuffed on top of the film along the frame racks wooden slats, to which you can subsequently install siding or wooden panels. The resulting ventilation gap between the film and the outer finishing material allows you to extend the life of siding or wood lath.
Next, you should insulate the frame house from the inside. To do this, you can use mineral wool in rolls or in the form of mats. However, another option, which by the way is cheaper and more environmentally friendly, would be to use ecowool or cellulose insulation. This material has excellent thermal insulation, sound insulation characteristics and air tightness. It can be blown between the frame posts using a vacuum cleaner and a nozzle that blows the air out.
With this method of filling with insulation, connecting seams and cracks will be completely absent. The insulation is blown between the posts, and the excess is removed using a wide spatula. In this case, sockets and pipes must be more thoroughly cleaned of excess ecowool. After the excess filling has been removed, the entire surface is sutured with a special reinforced mesh paper. This will be an air barrier.
Such paper can be secured with staples construction stapler to the frame posts. This insulating material and the method of filling it can be used not only for the walls of the first floor, but also for the entire house, including the roof.
The final stage: finishing
After insulation, all walls inside are sheathed with OSB sheets or plywood 20 mm thick. For the ceiling should be used ceiling panels 14 mm thick.
As roofing material can be applied bitumen shingles, which is laid on top of a layer of roofing material spread on the sheathing. This layer of roofing material will serve as waterproofing. For final interior decoration, you can use wallpaper, paint, and decorative plaster.
The frame house was built with my own hands. Now you can move in.
The Finnish technology of building frame houses is gaining more and more popularity in our country. This trend in popularity is justified by many positive factors and advantages of this technology. Specialists in the field of construction, as well as the practice of using technology, have proven the fact that structures built in this way are very durable and reliable. Frame houses can withstand quite powerful earthquakes, and also withstand strong wind pressure during storms.
Moreover, frame houses using Finnish technology have very good performance in thermal insulation, which allow you to build very warm and comfortable premises for future owners. It should be noted that the thickness of the insulation for the walls of a frame house is not large, however, at the same time, such walls provide comfortable accommodation people, even in places where extreme temperatures fluctuate - from minus sixty to plus fifty-five degrees Celsius. So the area climatic zone The application of this technology in the construction of houses has been greatly expanded.
An important advantage is that due to special panels, which are used in this technology, frame houses not only have excellent thermal insulation performance, but also have good sound insulation performance. In turn, this ensures comfortable living in the house even big family, since no one will disturb anyone with loud music or conversations at night. It should be noted that the advantage of building frame houses using Finnish technology is that this technology is also environmentally friendly, since the bulk of the material used is wood.
During the design stage of a house, you should first pay attention to climatic conditions terrain, soil characteristics under future home, the desired number of storeys of the building. Analysis of such factors makes it possible to select the necessary wood for the construction of a structure. Since the structure, as well as the density of spruce or pine from northern latitudes much different from the same pine and spruce, which are exported from the latitudes of the South.
An analysis of the soil where the future house will be built and its number of storeys is necessary in order to determine the foundation. Since lightweight Finnish ones do not require a massive foundation, the task regarding the foundation is accordingly simplified, and time and effort are saved when creating the foundation for the house. However, regardless of the number of floors and soil properties, builders strongly recommend that they build a foundation using bored piles. The construction of such a foundation involves several stages:
Drilling a well in the soil of the earth;
Filling the bottom of the well with small crushed stone and installing reinforcement;
Pouring concrete;
Consolidation with a monolithic grillage (made of reinforced concrete).
The use of such technology for creating a foundation for frame Finnish houses makes it possible to protect wood from negative consequences, which can be in contact with the ground, as well as moisture.
It should be noted that in our country, frame houses using Finnish technology, although they are just beginning to rapidly gain popularity, this technology has existed for decades, and the place of its foundation is Europe. In addition, it is a known fact that in the United States more than half of residential private houses are built according to a similar design; it is also popular in countries such as England, Finland, Germany, Norway, and Canada.
The most important difference between the Finnish technology of building a house is that the house is assembled like a construction kit, since all the walls, ceilings, and partitions are simply assembled on the site of the future house. The initial task is to build a foundation for the house, after which the frame of the house made of timber is mounted on the foundation, the floors of the lower level are assembled, after which the panels are assembled from OSB boards and all this is sheathed inside and out.
Mineral wool and, if necessary, other material are used as a heat insulator. A subfloor is laid on the lower floors, and key components are attached to one another using metal and steel brackets. After the first floor has been created in this way, they begin to install interfloor beams, and after that, wall panels and ceilings are installed on the second floor and work begins on hydro-sound insulation, electrical wiring, roofing both external and internal finishing.
Thus, the construction of a frame house occurs much faster since all materials and structural elements are ordered from the factory ready-made and required sizes, and the task of the builders is only to assemble them. In addition, when wiring electrical cords there is no need to drill and knock out walls, since all elements of a frame house are easily processed, which also saves time. Based on what was written above, it turns out that frame houses using Finnish technology are great for houses made of bricks and slabs, but they are much more comfortable, and they are built cheaper, faster and will last for decades.
Frame house using Finnish technology – real opportunity get your own home. Such a house, economical and environmentally friendly, will serve you and your family for many years.
Video with the technology of production and assembly of a frame house using Finnish technology:
Finnish house-building technologies have gained considerable popularity in Russia, and this is not difficult to explain. In Europe it has always been given increased attention build quality, reliability and energy efficiency of the house, in addition, cold climate Finland forced builders to look for optimal options insulation. Finnish prefabricated panel houses are in demand both as country houses for summer living, and as full-fledged housing in the suburban area.
What are their features and advantages?
Finnish frame-panel construction technology The Finnish panel house is a structure based on a frame made of strong timber , sheathed wooden shields with insulation. External cladding can be made from the most, such a building will look very beautiful.
TO frame structures many are prejudiced, considering them unsuitable for Russian realities. Unscrupulous builders are partly to blame for this, ruining the reputation of such buildings at the very beginning of their appearance in Russia. What real advantages and the disadvantages of such houses?
External cladding can be represented by a block house, modern siding, any other materials. Since the house has very smooth walls, you can go straight to finishing using any options.
The Finnish prefabricated panel house, like any other structure, has its drawbacks. Its durability and reliability directly depend on the quality of the frame and wall panels, therefore, in no case should you skimp on materials. Moreover, the tree flammable material, which means it will be necessary to thoroughly comply with all fire safety measures
The frame-panel structure itself has low noise insulation qualities, so additional exterior decoration. This increases the cost of the house, but it will still be cheaper than a brick or concrete building.
How to build a prefabricated panel house using Finnish technology
Creation work own home starts with design. Many construction companies offer standard solutions already ready-made projects, all that remains is to finalize the layout and location of the internal partitions.
Wooden frame for big house It has complex device, so the project must be ordered from professionals. The material for the frame is a beam with a cross-section of 245x100 mm; if the area is seismically active, it should be thicker.
The walls are made of multi-layer panel panels: the inner layer is made of OSB - oriented strand boards with a flat surface. The outer layer of the panel is most often made from waterproof fiberboard: the fiberboard is treated with wax to provide protection from external moisture. A layer of insulation is laid between them: usually it is mineral wool, sometimes extruded polystyrene foam or other modern materials are used.
Main stages of construction:
- Construction of the foundation. The depth of the trench for the foundation of the house is about 50 cm; formwork is installed along the edges. Reinforcement mesh is laid at the bottom of the trench, after which the foundation is poured concrete mortar grade M300 and higher.
Often instead strip base For frame buildings a foundation is installed on the basis of bored piles. It is cheaper and much faster, since after driving the piles, construction can continue immediately.
- Construction of the frame. First, a vertical corner beam is installed, and the diagonals of the house must be absolutely identical. Installed parallel to the corners vertical racks, which are the basis for the cross beams.
Horizontal lintels are installed to outline the contour of the window and doorways. To prevent the wall elements from becoming skewed, additional diagonal jumpers are required.
When the house is made of ready-made elements, you can move on to interior decoration and external cladding. The house can be left without additional insulation, but more often it is provided with a layer of mineral wool and cladding like a ventilated facade. Interior decoration can be finished in no time short term: the walls are covered with wallpaper or covered with panels; tiles, laminate, linoleum or other materials can be laid on the floor.
A properly assembled Finnish house will last a long time, it will be cozy, warm and very reliable. This technology has been used for more than a century, and it has managed to prove its effectiveness.
Finnish wooden houses characterized by high thermal insulation, affordable cost and optimal time construction.
Before we consider the stages of constructing frame houses using Finnish technology, we will pay attention to the features of the material from which such structures are assembled.
Finnish technology for building frame houses - material features
Insulation for walls of a frame house
Multilayer sandwich panels used in the construction of houses using Finnish technology contain environmentally friendly mineral wool insulation. Since it does not decompose, the service life of the building increases by 3-4 times compared to houses built using Canadian technology.
Expanded polystyrene, from which organic insulation is made, decomposes over time. When it decomposes, polymer compounds are formed, which are released into environment harmful substances.
Sandwich panels containing insulation of organic origin must be replaced every 25 years of operation. There is no polystyrene foam in houses built using Finnish technology.
Finnish laminated timber
If the manufacturing technology of laminated veneer lumber has been maintained, then the result is excellent construction material, which is part of all load-bearing frame structures. Thanks to special treatment, the service life of laminated timber can reach several centuries. Since the technology is new, there is no actual evidence for this claim yet. However, judging by the houses that have already stood for 50 years and no changes have been observed, then for a hundred years, this will at least last.
The advantages of laminated veneer lumber are obvious:
- there are no cracks, as well as other disadvantages of ordinary wood;
- the timber has sufficiently high strength;
- has exceptional heat and sound insulation qualities;
- does not deform during the drying process (shrinkage up to 1%);
- waterproof;
- protected from rodents, insects and fungus;
- fire resistant;
- environmentally friendly and therefore safe for the human body;
- practically no additional finishing is required.
Construction of frame houses using Finnish technology
Foundation for a frame house
Based on the fact that all the components in the design of houses built using Finnish technology are very light, there is no need to lay a deep and powerful foundation. The exception is unstable soils. In this case, a strip foundation is laid, but not deep or, alternatively, a columnar one. At the same time, the savings in building materials are quite noticeable. When laying a strip foundation, concrete or slag concrete solutions are used to columnar foundation red solid brick or rubble concrete (rubbed concrete foundation) is suitable. Simultaneously with the pouring of the foundation, embedded parts are installed, provided for further lining of the wall frame.
Construction of the first floor of a house using Finnish technology
1. Overlapping device
When the foundation work is completed, the first floor slab is installed. The so-called subfloor is laid on top of the interfloor ceiling. The construction of which begins with a frame, installation is carried out by beams with a section of 245x100 mm. The width of the inter-beam step is no more than 40 cm. The subfloor is covered with plywood having a thickness of 18 mm. Now you can start building the wall frame.
