Features of the use of frost-resistant tile adhesive for exterior work. Tile adhesive “Standard” Main types of adhesive

Tile adhesive is a composition of cement, sand, chemical additives and a plasticizer. It is designed for gluing mosaic, ceramic and other tiles. From the moment the composition of tile adhesive for external and interior work in the form of specialized dry mixtures, the speed and quality of finishing have increased manifold. Tile adhesive is usually heat-resistant and is characterized by high load resistance, elasticity, adhesion to surfaces, moisture resistance, etc. One of the most important advantages of the tile adhesive composition is low consumption and high degree of retention of tiles, natural stone, gypsum boards and so on.

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Before you go shopping for tile adhesive, you should determine exactly where the installation will take place. facing material- outside or inside the house. You also need to know the size of the tiles: regular or large. All this will directly affect the selection results.

How and which one to choose tile adhesive

• To lay ceramics, you can use the simplest compositions. The exception is when covering flexible surfaces such as plasterboard or plywood, and also if the base is subject to strong temperature changes. What tile adhesive is better in this case? Give preference to special solutions designed for complex surfaces, containing plasticizers and other additives that allow operation in extreme conditions.
• To decorate the facade with tiles, it is better to use frost-resistant compounds. The characteristics of such tile adhesive will be determined by a set of additives. You can find out the degree of frost resistance of the composition from the description on the product packaging.
• For finishing swimming pools, frost- and moisture-resistant compounds. If moisture penetrates under the tile, the freezing effect will increase several times. Similar solutions are used in finishing saunas and baths.

The most popular is the cement-based composition. It is produced in the form of a dry adhesive mixture containing modified additives to ensure the required adhesion and plasticity.

Paste-like one-component adhesives are somewhat inferior in quality to dry mixtures of the basic type, but at the same time benefit in price. These include epoxy and polyurethane tile adhesives. They can only be used for interior decoration.

When deciding which tile adhesive is best, pay attention to two-component formulations. Mixtures containing epoxy or polyurethane additives significantly increase surface adhesion and are more plastic. In addition, sufficient moisture and heat resistance, durability and strength of the material are ensured.

Characteristics of tile adhesive

• Slip resistance. The high thixotropic properties of the mixture prevent the laid tiles from slipping. Most adhesive compositions do not allow the material to slide by more than 0.5 mm, however, there are mixtures characterized by increased resistance to slipping (displacement of the finish by no more than 0.1 mm).
• Expiration date(viability) of a solution - the period of time during which the composition does not lose its properties and can be used in facing works. As a rule, this is 1-3 hours.
• Opening hours. It implies a time interval during which the applied composition retains its properties and tiles can be laid on it. For ordinary adhesive solutions open time is 10-20 minutes, for quick-setting type mixtures - 5-10 minutes.
• Correction time– the period of time during which the position of the tile can be adjusted.

Manufacturers and brands of tile adhesive

• Primary tiled (Plitonit A, Unix21, Petromix-base). These compositions are intended for laying ceramic wall tiles of standard sizes.
• Reinforced compounds (CERESIT CM12, Plitonit, Unix2000, Typhoon Master No. 11, Petromix K). Ideal for laying floor and large-format wall tiles, as well as for porcelain stoneware of medium and small sizes, incl. and for exterior finishing.
• For complex surfaces (CERESIT CM16, Typhoon Master No. 12, Plitonit S, CERESIT CM17, Petromix KU). Used for laying tiles on smooth surfaces, wood, glass.
• For natural stone and heavy tiles (Unix granite). Most often used for finishing floors in rooms with high traffic, as well as when laying stone on a plinth.

Specialized adhesives

• For finishing fireplaces and stoves (Plitonit VT). This is a temperature compound that can withstand heating up to 60°C.
• White glue (CERESIT CM15, Belfix, Typhoon Master No. 14). Designed for laying translucent and transparent mosaics. The use of this composition eliminates the risk of changing the shade of the finishing material.
• Adhesive for underfloor heating (CERESIT CM11, CERESIT CM 16, Typhoon Master No. 12). Designed for heated floors and ceramics with increased heat resistance.
• Adhesive for swimming pools (for example, Unis-pool). Used for finishing pool walls and stairs.
• Additional insulation (for example, Unix-heat-glue). Designed for laying mats and building blocks, capable of reducing the thermal conductivity of materials.
• Leveling glue. Designed for styling floor tiles on an uneven base.

What is the average consumption of tile adhesive

How much mixture will be consumed during the finishing process depends on chemical composition glue and condition of the base for application. The professionalism of the master can have a certain influence on the consumption of the solution. To lay tiles with good geometry on a perfectly leveled base, you will need only 4 mm of glue from a trusted manufacturer, diluted in the required proportion.

On average, a bag of tile adhesive (5 kg of dry mixture) is used for 5 m2. Consumption of the composition may vary depending on operating conditions.

The high thermal conductivity of ceramic tiles becomes the reason for installing an additional heating (water or electric) system, the so-called “warm floor”. The principle and technology of gluing is similar to that used in traditional laying of finishing material, but there is one difference - special tile adhesive for heated floors should be chosen. The composition must withstand constant temperature changes. If you use simple glue, then as the temperature rises, linear expansions and contractions of volume will occur, resulting in peeling ceramic coating and air voids will appear.

If we are talking about a film infrared “warm field”, leveling DSP sheets or a glass-magnesium sheet should be placed on top of the film system and only then the solution should be applied.

It is necessary to choose a special tile adhesive that is intended for use in conjunction with conductive heating or water equipment. The composition must withstand cyclic temperature changes of -30-+150°C and be elastic. This will ensure reliable adhesion of the floor ceramics to the base and will not affect the inertia of the floor heating. Such consumer characteristics are achieved due to the presence of polymer modifiers in the glue.

Tile adhesive is a dry mortar, which is used for installation of ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, stone and other materials. Most often tile adhesive
has a cement-sand binder base, to which various components of chemical origin are added. Thanks to such additives, it is possible to significantly improve certain performance qualities of the adhesive composition.

Currently on the market there is a large number of a variety of dry building mixtures of this class, both universal and specialized. The variety of adhesives is determined by the difference in composition of dry building mixtures.

Composition of tile adhesive

Tile adhesive consists of:

Cement is the main binding component. Cement has high adhesive properties, is plastic, and resists moisture well;
sand - a filler that gives the finished solution strength and allows it to be reduced specific gravity. Thanks to this, the load on the structures themselves on which the tiles are laid is reduced;
plasticizers – various components artificial origin, giving the finished solution certain properties. So, with their help you can increase moisture resistance or reduce setting time.

We draw your attention to the fact that the prices and characteristics of the goods given are for informational purposes only and do not constitute a public offer as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 437 of the Civil Code Russian Federation.

To obtain detailed information about the characteristics of goods, their availability and cost, please contact the managers of our company.

Types of tile adhesive

Most often, tile adhesive is divided according to specification, as well as in accordance with the conditions of its use:

Standard adhesive for ceramic floor or wall tiles is one of the most common types of dry mortar. Used for indoor work, most often it is used for laying tiles in bathrooms or kitchens;
dry construction mixture for outdoor finishing works– characterized by increased moisture resistance and high tolerance to adverse climatic conditions;
Tile adhesive
with increased adhesion - can be used when installing heavy porcelain stoneware slabs or for fixing cement blocks;
mixtures with increased frost resistance or water resistance - the former are used in regions with unfavorable climate, the second - for finishing the inner surface of swimming pool bowls, bathhouse floors and other rooms with high level humidity;
quick-setting tile adhesive – used for finishing work of a high degree of urgency.

Moreover, any of the above types of material has a number of advantages.
Characteristics of tile adhesive

Each type of tile adhesive has the following characteristics to one degree or another: performance characteristics:

Elasticity - the material fits perfectly on the surface, is easy to apply both to walls and floors, and to tiles;
water resistance - the ability of a hardened solution to maintain its performance characteristics over a long period of time in high humidity;
high strength and resistance to aggressive influences external environment;
high adhesion, which ensures high-quality adhesion of the surface to the glued building material.

These features allowed this species dry construction mixture is widely used in construction.

Purpose of tile adhesive

The main purpose of tile adhesive is thin-layer cladding of surfaces ceramic tiles. However, its operational characteristics make it possible to use dry construction mixture for the installation of the following materials:

Keramongarnit;
stone blocks;
gas and foam concrete;
stone;
paving slabs;
marble;
plastic panels and other materials.

At the same time, depending on the composition of the glue, its operating conditions can vary significantly. Thus, “simple” standard class mixtures have proven themselves well in interior decoration, and specialized ones, for example, when facing internal surfaces pool bowls.
However, the dry construction mixture retains all its properties in full only if the conditions of its use are fully observed. If these conditions are violated, the solution based on it becomes either initially unsuitable for use or loses strength characteristics as soon as possible.

Conditions of use

Great value for use ready solution tile adhesives have two main parameters environment– temperature and humidity.

Temperature – it is best to work in the range of 19-25 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is lower, the hardening time of the solution increases, which can last for several hours. If the ambient temperature is too high, the solution will begin to set very quickly and will lose its plasticity even before one or another finishing element is fixed with it.

Humidity - the setting time of the solution also depends on this parameter. If it turns out to be too high, the solution will harden for a very long time. In dry air, the glue will dry very quickly, but the structure of the dried mixture will be fragile.
Working with tile adhesive

Working with tile adhesive is divided into several stages:

At the first stage, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the base on which the solution will be applied from all kinds of contaminants. Thus, the adhesion of the solution to the base is reduced by paint, oils, whitewash and fragments of other finishing materials, dust, dirt, etc. In order for the glue to adhere more firmly to the base, 1-2 layers of primer are first applied to the surface. Preliminary application of a primer is also required when it is necessary to level the walls before laying tiles. The end result should be smooth, clean surface without bumps, cracks, depressions, etc.

At the second stage, a solution of tile adhesive is prepared. As a rule, the following proportion is used for mixing - a kilogram of mixture per 0.2 liters of water. After pouring the liquid, begin stirring the solution for 5-7 minutes until a homogeneous paste-like mass is formed. It should not contain lumps. After this, the solution “ripens” for 5 minutes, then mixes again. Now you can apply it to the wall.

At the third stage, the solution is applied to the wall using a trowel and then leveled notched trowel. The thickness of the working layer should not be less than 2 and more than 15 mm. Then the tile is applied to the solution and pressed in, thereby fixing it. It takes about 10 minutes to level the tiles, after which the glue begins to lose its plasticity.

Our company supplies the market with high-quality tile adhesives, which are produced according to the latest innovative technologies on modern equipment. Tile adhesives meet quality standards, which is achieved by monitoring products at each stage of production.

Porcelain tiles, which successfully combine excellent aesthetic properties and high performance characteristics, top the ranking of popular finishing materials.

What is the best frost-resistant adhesive for porcelain tiles to use for exterior work in order to get a good and durable result, we will consider in the article.

What properties should the glue have?

Porcelain tiles have a high density. This is main reason difficulties when choosing an adhesive composition.

It is very important not only to choose the right porcelain tile, but also the adhesive for it

Adhesion

If the porcelain tile was porous and absorbed moisture well, then the adhesive composition applied to it, having soaked it, could easily hold it in a fixed position. Therefore, when working with dense porcelain stoneware, it is worth choosing compounds with enhanced adhesive properties. Otherwise, if you use the wrong glue, you should be prepared for the tile to simply fall off the base.

Most adhesive compositions produced by manufacturers are based on ordinary cement. But in addition to the main component, they contain:

• Mineral compounds – ensure the strength of solutions;
• Fillers – quartz sand, crushed limestone or dolomite;

Preparation of the adhesive composition

• Polystyrene additives – form a strong structure of the composition, providing an anti-frost effect.
• Polymer dispersions – necessary for recovery physical properties components when diluting the dry mixture with water;
• Synthetic additives and additives provide the necessary adhesion, and after hardening they reduce the ability of the adhesive mixture to absorb moisture.

Commercially available adhesives may also include various kinds plasticizers and thickeners. Each manufacturer tries to develop its own formulas, thereby increasing the quality of the finished product.

Attention! Absolutely not suitable for these purposes cement-sand mixture, which is not capable of providing adhesion of the desired strength.

Mechanical strength

Porcelain stoneware the slabs generally have big sizes and therefore are quite heavy. Therefore, the adhesive used for fixation must be able to withstand heavy loads.

Apply glue only with a special spatula

You can safely buy glue if it provides:

1. Compensation for uneven surfaces on which porcelain tiles are laid;
2. Reducing tension between porcelain tiles and the underlying base.

Tip: To increase the ability of the glue to withstand heavy loads, when laying the coating, you should be guided by the rule that the thickness of the applied glue should correspond to the thickness of the slab being laid on it.

Since the operation of porcelain stoneware is permissible even under extreme climatic conditions, the glue used with it must be frost-resistant and resistant to moisture.

Porcelain tiles combined with frost-resistant glue- very durable cladding for exterior renovation

When planning to use porcelain stoneware for exterior finishing, consider a number of points when choosing a binder:

• When installing in conditions with low temperatures (at a maximum value of +15°C), it is worth using glue that has the ability to set quickly;
• When laying in the hot season, on the contrary, choose slow-hardening mixtures in order to have time to lay the tiles on a still elastic surface of the composition;
• Focus on the type of base where installation will be carried out (brick, concrete, wood).

Comparative characteristics of some brands

It is quite difficult to say definitely which adhesive for porcelain tiles is better. This is largely determined by the environmental conditions in which installation is carried out, the type of base and the characteristics of the porcelain stoneware itself.

Today for exterior decoration wide use We received adhesive mixtures of the following brands:

• "Ceresit". The CM-11 mixture is good for installation in wet areas with adhesive joint thickness up to 10 mm. SM-17 is famous for its good elasticity and excellent adhesion. Composition SM-117 has “teeth” for any type of base and porcelain stoneware slabs of any size.

Choose glue from a trusted manufacturer

• "Unis". Almost all compositions of this brand, with the exception of “Plaster” and “Fix”, are applicable for outdoor use and can withstand loads of up to 800 g/cm2.
• "Knauf". Designed for gluing tiles whose size does not exceed 30x30 cm.
• "Hercules". It is a worthy competitor to imported analogues, but is an order of magnitude lower in price.

When choosing frost-resistant adhesive for porcelain tiles, each craftsman has his own preferences. And they are mainly based on acquired practical experience.

How to prepare tile adhesive: video

https://youtu.be/dlv6i2-fXSY

Laying tiles: photo