Almost every house has a room at the entrance - a veranda, which serves not only as an entrance hall, but also as a resting place. Many people do not distinguish between the concepts of “veranda” and “terrace”, but these are two completely different structures.
A terrace is an area attached to a house or a separate one with any hard surface, usually raised above the ground. A fence can be built along its perimeter, often a low wooden balustrade. Sometimes the site is left completely open. Used as flooring brickwork, concrete, asphalt, wooden boards. Before you build a hard surface, you need to make a reliable foundation. First, a sand cushion is poured, then crushed stone is laid, and concrete or asphalt is poured on top. It is recommended to place board flooring on beams treated with bitumen, special compounds or working out.
Terraces are popular in areas with a dry climate where it rarely rains. For terraces, a canopy is often built to protect from bad weather or sun rays. In our latitudes, it is not advisable to build a terrace adjacent to the house, since precipitation will flow from the roof. But a separate platform with a table and benches located on it will serve great place for relaxation and gatherings.
The veranda is with the house common wall and is an unheated room closed type. It is usually erected from the same material as the main structure. But in order to make it more decorative, you can stone house add an interesting wooden veranda or combine styles. They try to make the veranda bright, with a large view, so it has continuous glazing on two or three sides.
Construction of a country house with a veranda
The veranda is not considered a separate structure. This is a section of a house that is added to the building during its construction or after some time. Usually the veranda is attached to the facade or to the end side.
All verandas can be divided into two types:
When designing a future veranda, you must remember that the extension should look harmonious with the main building. The design must fit into general style home, and also correlate in size.
The right foundation for a veranda
When building any structure, pouring the foundation is one of the most responsible and important aspects of the work. When planning an extension, it is necessary to carefully consider the parameters of the foundation, taking into account climatic conditions and soil characteristics.
It is the foundation that ensures the reliability of the extension, since this element takes on the main load of the entire structure. Therefore, you need to carefully consider all the nuances and make a preliminary calculation. If the general requirements are violated when pouring the foundation, the structure is unlikely to last for a long time.
The depth of the foundation for the veranda should be the same as the foundation of the house. Verandas located on the ground with high level groundwater, may have a deeper foundation than the main building.
The most popular types of foundation for the construction of verandas are tape And pile. In areas with special mobility of soil layers, rubble foundations are used.
DIY veranda. Photo
Veranda construction technology
Construction begins with equipment frame, resting on the base - foundation. It can be filled with a continuous strip or made of individual brick columns. In this case, the number of foundation blocks must correspond to the number corner posts. The construction of a foundation for a country veranda consists of several phases:
- Construction about bindings foundation. It should have recesses for installing joists on which the floor will rest.
- The lower frame is strengthened by a double system - external and internal, because racks will be mounted on it, which are fastened with iron staples and nails.
- Installation vertical racks. For them, bars or interconnected boards are used, the total thickness of which should not be less than 4 cm.
- Top harness. This is the strengthening of logs or boards along the upper perimeter of the racks, which will make the entire structure reliable and stable.
- Rafter beam. It is fixed under the slope of the house along the entire length of the veranda and serves as the basis for installing the rafters.
- Rafters laid with one end on the beam and the other on the outer edge of the frame. It is best to secure bars and beams with anchor bolts.
- The beam is placed so that the roof of the veranda goes under the roof of the main building.
Attaching the roof of the veranda
The roof of a veranda attached to a building is often covered with the same roofing material as the main structure. The arrangement of the roof junction directly depends on which wall the veranda will be built near. If the roof continues the slope of the main structure, then merging the two rafter systems is simply necessary.
The construction of a veranda roof involves the following procedure:
Floor covering
Since the veranda is a high traffic area, Special attention need to be paid to the floor covering. It is best to use paint that does not just paint over the boards, but leaves their structure visible.
Attention!
Before applying any coatings, the wood must be impregnated with an antiseptic.
This treatment is especially relevant for verandas. open type, where all elements - racks, floors, fences - require special protection. Ideal for these purposes SENEZH IMPRA. This composition can even be used to treat those parts of the building that are in contact with the ground. It does not contain dyes and does not change the structural appearance of wood. Although there are separate options with olive shade. Primer Pinotex, used for dry wood, deeply impregnates the fibers. But you need to make sure that the boards are well dried.
DIY veranda. Photo
Oil-based compositions are used as paints Tikkurila And Pinotex. They are quickly absorbed and dry. They will only need to be updated once a year.
Glazing of the veranda
Most simple veranda A wooden house can be turned into a masterpiece of design with the help of original glazing. And there are many options:
- wooden frames;
- metal-plastic windows;
- sliding panels;
- polycarbonate glazing;
- frameless glazing.
Wooden frames are quite expensive, and if the veranda is spacious, then you will have to shell out a lot of money. Metal-plastic is cheaper and more practical. But here, too, some variations are possible: the windows can open or slide apart. Metal-plastic can be purchased in various colors. Film can be easily applied to it various shades. Many people prefer stationary windows for the veranda that do not open.
Sliding panels are convenient for small verandas. They do not take up space when opening. Frameless glazing looks very nice, but it is used if there are no neighbors nearby, otherwise you risk being constantly visible.
Polycarbonate can perfectly replace glass, and does not require special installation skills. It can be fixed into the grooves of the frames using sealant and self-tapping screws.
Construction of a French veranda
Lightweight wall-mounted structures - French verandas - are becoming increasingly popular. This is an airy, sophisticated extension to the house. And here you no longer need to rack your brains about how to attach a veranda to the house with your own hands. The French design does not require a solid foundation, and the planning process comes down to choosing a reliable manufacturer.
Installation finished product quite simple:
- installation of supports around the perimeter;
- tension of rubber gaskets on glass;
- installation of glass into the grooves of the frame;
- securing jumpers for fixation;
- installation of decorative elements.
French verandas are usually made with sliding windows. In addition, it is often used for glazing polycarbonate.
Furniture for the veranda
The veranda is a special place in country house, where the owners enjoy relaxing in nature.
In an extension, as in any other living space, furniture is a necessary attribute. For registration country verandas can be reconstructed old interior items. You can put old chairs on the summer veranda, slightly transforming them. In addition to chairs, old armchairs or couches are also great for summer holiday. If the owners like to eat on the veranda, then without dining table can't get by here.
In the spacious extension you can install a fireplace or a large sofa. However, overloading with furniture this room not worth it. If there are sofas in the room, the number of chairs should be minimal. In addition to the main pieces of furniture, you can use wall shelves or a small chest of drawers.
Usually they choose for the veranda wooden or wicker pieces of furniture, complementing them soft mattresses or pillows.
Curtains for the veranda
Often curtains are used for open verandas in the country. They give an airy and romantic look to the entire structure. Bright hues easy to match with any building materials, but you can also use bright contrasting colors.
Important!
The main emphasis should be on the practicality of the material. Remember that curtains on an open veranda will be exposed to the elements.
When choosing curtains, you need to focus on their main types:
- natural fabrics;
- synthetic fabrics;
- plastic curtains;
- bamboo curtains.
Natural fabrics can only be used if they are put away for the winter. Otherwise, they risk turning into wimps. Synthetic materials that can withstand bad weather are more suitable.
Curtains from PVC allow you to reliably cover the veranda from precipitation, dust and wind. Transparent film withstands temperature changes and retains heat in the room.
The veranda and gazebo are a stylish and functional decoration summer cottage.
But, if the gazebo is a separate structure, which can be used in summer time, then a veranda is a room attached to the house that has a roof, walls and is intended for year-round use.
A warm veranda can serve as a corridor, hallway or recreation room, greenhouse, winter garden, you can even place a swimming pool in it
What is the difference between a veranda and a terrace? These concepts are often confused, although they have structural and visual differences. The presence of a roof and walls is what distinguishes a veranda from a terrace and porch.
The veranda is provided during the construction stage of the house, but more often it is completed during operation. Therefore, many are interested in how to attach a veranda to a house with their own hands. Below are step-by-step (step-by-step) instructions for building a veranda for a private house.
1. Veranda project
Any construction begins with the development of a project.
Summarizing the experience of constructing verandas, it can be noted that they differ in the following parameters:
Location (adjacent to the house):
- Corner.
- End
- Facade.
Degree of closure:
- Open.
- Closed (glazed.
By installing sliding doors for the veranda, you can transform a closed veranda into an open one.
Design feature:
- Built-in veranda (built together with the house, has a common foundation with it).
- Attached (added as needed, has its own foundation).
Veranda shape:
- A popular shape is the rectangle.
- Round (semicircular.
- Polygonal (hexagonal, octagonal).
The main purpose of the veranda is to make the house or cottage more spacious and decorate the building. The extension of the veranda also performs a purely utilitarian function - insulating the house. Therefore, the question naturally arises of how to attach a veranda to the house correctly. Despite the fact that the veranda is a summer structure, its construction requires the implementation of a number of rules.
What is included in the veranda construction project:
- location of the veranda. The main options are indicated above. It is important that the extension is a continuation of the house, representing a single architectural ensemble with it.
Note. It is better to place the veranda on the east or west side, then most of the time it will be out of direct sunlight. Also, it is worth considering wind load in the region and on the site in particular.
- entry point to the veranda. The entrance can be from the street, from one of the rooms, or through, across the street into the house;
- door installation location. Entrance doors It is not advisable to place it on the veranda and in the house opposite each other, otherwise drafts cannot be avoided;
- size of the veranda in the house. The length of the veranda is usually equal to the length of the wall along which it is built. The width ranges from 2.5 to 7 m. It is important here that the size of the veranda is proportional to the size of the house.
Advice from the master. There is no need to save on the project. Its high-quality execution guarantees that the veranda will be built correctly, and the design permitting documentation won't cause problems.
An example of a typical veranda design is shown in the diagram
How to attach a veranda to a wooden house
Any extension to a wooden house is carried out after the structure has settled. A house made of timber or logs shrinks over a certain period (the most active is the first 2-3 years). To avoid skewing of the walls, you need to wait this period, or consider a connection to the house that allows the frame to play.
2. Documents for the construction of a veranda (permission)
Adding a veranda refers to the remodeling of a house. Therefore, it requires obtaining permits.
To obtain permission to build a veranda (for an extension, reconstruction), you need to submit to the architecture department:
- a document confirming the ownership of the site;
- house project with a veranda;
- consent of all residents registered in the house;
- application for registration.
Note. You need to start processing documents 2-3 months before the planned construction work. According to user reviews, this procedure takes quite a lot of time.
In principle, it is possible to complete a veranda without documents, but when selling, renting or inheriting, problems may arise with this property. The veranda is included in total area residential building, the BTI may regard this as “An unauthorized increase in living space.” Especially if the veranda is heated (warm veranda).
When building a veranda, you should not deviate from the dimensions indicated in the registered project. Any adjustment will entail a change in the project documentation and the payment of a fine. The consequences of unauthorized construction are spelled out in the Law of the Russian Federation “On Architectural Activities in the Russian Federation” and the Civil Code, an excerpt from which is given below.
The consequences for unauthorized construction are listed below
The last thing that will need to be done after the construction of the veranda is to legalize the construction with changes and obtain new documents.
3. Tools and materials for constructing a veranda
The tool depends on what material will be used in the construction of the extension. For wooden you need: a hacksaw, a screwdriver, a hammer and an axe, a sledgehammer, a tape measure, a plumb line, a level (construction and water level), a corner, a cord for marking, a shovel. For a metal frame, you will additionally need a grinder and a welding machine.
Material
An economy (budget) version of the veranda is metal carcass, covered with plywood, OSB boards(OSB) or plastic lining.
A veranda made of brick, natural stone or wood has a more presentable appearance. It is important here that the material of the extension matches the material from which the house or cottage is built or is in harmony (combined) with them.
To build a wooden veranda, you will need: lumber (log or timber, board, batten), fasteners (elements), protective solutions for wood, crushed stone, concrete, bitumen, drying oil or roofing felt, window and door systems, roofing material.
For a veranda with a metal frame: lumber will be replaced metal corners and steel profile, solutions for metal processing will be added, but otherwise the materials will be the same.
A polycarbonate veranda has proven itself well in that it allows you to freely admire the surrounding landscape. In addition, polycarbonate retains heat well, transmits light, and can be used for both walls and roofs. Plus, the cost of the material is quite reasonable. Used cellular polycarbonate with a wall thickness of 14-18 mm.
Note. All materials requiring processing must be processed before work begins. Once the veranda is built, processing will be more difficult.
Preparation for construction
Construction of the veranda begins with preparing the site. The part of the plot allocated for the veranda turns into construction site. Before starting work you need:
- remove the canopy over the entrance;
- dismantle the porch;
- clear the area of green spaces and debris;
- remove part of the turf;
- think over the place for laying building materials and construction waste.
4. Foundation for the veranda to the house
Before you start pouring the foundation, you need to determine its type. The most widespread is the columnar foundation for the veranda, since it makes it possible to attach a veranda without being tied to the main foundation of the house. However, a heavier veranda requires pouring a strip foundation.
An important point is soil analysis, which makes it possible to reasonably choose the foundation for the veranda of the house. The following are taken into account: the ability of the soil to absorb moisture, the homogeneity and composition of the soil, the level of freezing, the height of groundwater, and the stability of the soil.
In addition, the choice of base for the extension will be influenced by the design of the house’s foundation and the condition of the walls (wall material).
Having decided which foundation for the veranda is best to make, they make markings for a strip foundation or mark the location for installing pillars (supports) for a pile foundation.
Note. For a small wooden veranda, it is enough to install pillars at the corners of the structure. For long and wide ones, provide additional posts along the length/width of the base. The recommended installation spacing for supports is 500-600 mm.
How to make a columnar foundation for a veranda
- dig holes for the posts about 1 m deep. It is important to know that the depth of the foundation for the veranda depends on the depth of the foundation of the house (must be the same) and the level of soil freezing;
- At the bottom of the pit, a cushion is made from a mixture of crushed stone and sand. They can also be covered in layers, first with sand, then crushed stone or gravel;
- the concrete base is poured;
- support pillars for the columnar foundation are laid out/inserted:
Made of brick. If you need to add a veranda to a brick house;
From timber. For a wooden veranda;
From asbestos pipes, concrete pillars or metal supports. For a frame veranda.
The ground part of the pillars is brought to the height of the main foundation of the house. If the base is high, you need to bring the extension to the level of the house.
Example in the photo (the first floor is used as a garage, the veranda is located at the level of the second floor).
The installation site is covered with sand to eliminate and strengthen the gap between the post and the soil.
The design of a veranda with a large mass requires pouring a strip foundation. To do this, you need to dig a trench, place the formwork (slightly higher than the required foundation height), and pour concrete. The process of complete hardening of concrete must be accompanied by periodic wetting with water to ensure uniform hardening of the concrete mixture.
5. Veranda frame
The installation of the frame begins with bottom trim. To do this, timber is laid on the supports.
Note. The lower harness can have a double system. It is on this that the racks and floor joists will be attached in the future.
Next, supports are installed that form the frame of the veranda to the house. The frame of a wooden veranda is made of timber 120x80 or 100x100. When using logs, their diameter must exceed 120 mm. It is recommended to install supports at a distance of 500-600 mm, but in practice this is rare. However, supports must be installed in the corners and form door/window openings.
The height of the supports is equal to the height of the veranda. In this case, the supports installed closer to the wall must be higher in order to form pitched roof. Methods for attaching the racks to the bottom trim are shown in the figure.
Advice. The supports will be given rigidity by the jibs (braces) installed at the top and bottom.
When installing the frame, horizontal bars are installed, which will serve as the basis for installation window sill boards when glazing.
Execution top harness The installation of the veranda frame is completed. It will serve as the basis for the formation rafter system, and will give the frame additional rigidity.
Note. To prevent the top trim from warping, the supports must be secured with temporary spacers.
Many people are interested in how to make a veranda frame from a log frame. Indeed, in this case, both the foundations of the buildings and the log house itself move. Therefore, all connections must be able to move (shift). Shrinkage compensators are installed from below, and from above the roof is firmly attached to the rafters of the log house.
6. Veranda roof
Part of the frame is the rafter system of the veranda. The installation of rafters and sheathing depends on what roofing material the veranda roof will be covered with.
From a design point of view, the following types of veranda roofs are distinguished:
Slope veranda roof.
The simplest and best option. IN in this case the rafter system is mounted at an angle from the wall of the house, which allows rainwater or snow to flow down freely without causing damage to the building.
Note. Shed roof more convenient from the point of view of organizing drainage and, accordingly, installing a drainage system.
Gable roof veranda.
In this case, the veranda is attached to the house with a narrow part. It becomes like a passageway. This method has not found proper distribution. More often, such a roof is erected over a terrace.
The polygonal roof for the veranda is built in such a way that the angle of inclination is maintained for water drainage.
Installation of veranda rafter system
A purlin board (beam 100x80 mm) is installed on the wall of the house. The timber is secured with anchor bolts. The upper parts of the rafter legs are mounted on it.
A Mauerlat is installed around the perimeter of the frame. In small wooden outbuildings This function is performed by the top trim boards. The lower parts of the rafter legs are installed on them.
The lower part of the rafters is mounted so that it is possible to provide an overhang (removal) roofing material, which means protecting the veranda from falling water.
Note. Distance between rafter legs depends on the slope of the roof, the width of the veranda, and the weight of the roofing material.
During installation roofing system of the polygonal veranda, a purlin board is additionally installed.
Depending on the chosen material, they fill the lathing (for metal tiles, ondulin, slate) or make a continuous sheathing (for flexible roofing materials).
How to attach a veranda to a house - video instructions
7. Floor on the veranda
Construction procedure, materials, methods of fastening and processing.
DIY flooring technology:
Logs are installed on the bottom trim boards. The distance between adjacent logs should be no more than 1 m. The logs are installed perpendicular to how the floorboard will be laid.
Attaching the log to the harness - important point, the quality of its execution determines the performance characteristics of the floor. The installation of the log is controlled by the level.
What to make floors from on an open veranda
Concrete flooring on the veranda is cheaper, plus it is durable and requires subsequent finishing. For example, you can lay tiles or lay linoleum. The wooden floor on the veranda, even painted, will deform over time. It is also recommended to use plastic baseboards with wood decor.
How to cover the floors on a closed veranda
Floor closed veranda lay down . In this case, installation begins with the board furthest from the entrance. It is attached to the joists directly through the board.
Subsequent boards are mounted using the tongue-and-groove method, and the hardware is fastened through the groove.
How to fix a floorboard on a veranda
It is recommended to fasten floor boards with self-tapping screws. Their length should be twice the width of the board. The distance from the edge of the floorboard to the wall is 10-15 mm. This gap will compensate for the expansion of wood during the hot season.
How to cover the floor on the veranda (open, closed)
Wooden veranda flooring is one of the most popular and easiest to install. Therefore, the relevant question is how to treat the floor on the veranda in order to extend its service life and preserve its aesthetic properties.
Floorboards will last longer if they are additionally coated with solutions that prevent the appearance of fungus. As finishing coating floors - apply a decorative layer of paint or stain, covered with varnish on top.
A new product among paintwork materials is Dufa “Liquid Plastic” paint, intended for outdoor use (well suited for an open veranda).
Of the transparent coatings that have earned the respect of users:
- Tikkurila Valtti (wood oil);
- Pinotex Terrace Oil;
- Alpina Oel Terrassen Dunkel;
- Watco Danish Oil.;
- as well as epoxy varnishes (yacht varnishes), which are intended for use in damp environments.
- the product must be intended for wood;
- be resistant to abrasion;
- be resistant to the influence of factors external environment(water, temperature, ultraviolet).
It is worth noting that veranda floor coverings are quite expensive, but this is justified by their service life, without refinishing, and high aesthetic properties.
8. Roofing material for the veranda
As a roofing material, it is better to use a material for the veranda roof that is installed on the main building (house or cottage). Well established bitumen shingles, . They are installed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
Note. To prevent water from flowing inside the veranda where the roof of the extension meets the wall of the house, you need to lay a joint strip on top of the roofing material.
Correct installation of the joint strip involves making a gash in the wall of the house and inserting the narrow edge of the strip into it.
You can admire the surrounding beauty in the warmth of the veranda by installing transparent roofs for the veranda. In this case, the role of roofing material is played by glass or cellular polycarbonate.
Telescopic awning roofs or sliding roofs for the veranda are considered new.
). Installation finishing materials depends on their type.
It is important to know that the wall of the veranda adjacent to the house is secured with mortgages metal elements(details). The fastening must be rigid.
Today, it is popular to cover veranda walls with sliding systems, the upper half of which is glass and the lower half is wooden.
Note. Before moving on to the external and internal decoration of the walls of the veranda, you need to give it time to settle. This is especially true for a wooden veranda.
10. Glazing of the veranda
Windows occupy a significant part of the veranda wall area. Due to the fact that the veranda is a summer structure, single wooden windows, most often plastic or wooden. Not used aluminum windows with multi-chamber double-glazed windows.
The large veranda is equipped with both opening and fixed windows. The first allow for ventilation of the room, the second - save on glazing. Noteworthy are the sliding windows, which allow you to turn the veranda into an open terrace.
Among the new products, flexible windows for the veranda stand out. They allow you to extend the operational period of the summer veranda. The advantage of windows is their relatively low cost and the ability to quickly install and dismantle them for the winter. They make the high veranda safe for children to play without compromising its attractiveness.
Soft windows for the veranda are roller systems (PVC curtains), which allow you to glaze the veranda of any configuration (round, semicircular, oval).
Installation of soft windows - video
A beautiful and cozy veranda will transform any home, giving it exclusivity and originality. Unfortunately, many owners of suburban real estate miss this great opportunity during the initial design and construction of buildings. However, knowing how to attach a veranda to a house, you can add an additional one to any building. usable area to decorate the structure and have a pleasant time with your whole family, friends and loved ones. So that the veranda serves long years and was pleasing to the eye spectacular design, did not creak or break, a series of preparatory work to study the initial conditions for the construction of the facility and design the future structure.
Design work
You should know that competent design and technical documentation helps not only during general construction and finishing works. The project forms the basis for obtaining permitting documents for construction and further changes to the technical passport of the house. The fact is that, in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation, any extensions to already operating facilities should be agreed in advance with the district administration, authorities fire safety and sanitary and hygienic service. Without design and technical documentation, its approval and obtaining a construction permit, as well as without registration of all modifications in the BTI area, the veranda will be classified as illegal buildings, that is, unauthorized construction. As a result, your real estate cannot be sold or donated, exchanged, or pledged to a bank as collateral for a loan.
When developing a veranda project independently or together with an architect, you should remember that its design and style must fully comply design features main building. It should become a logical continuation of the house, its elegant and effective addition. As a rule, a veranda is built from the same materials used to build the house or by repeating the fundamental elements. For example, a veranda with load-bearing columns and enclosing parts made of the same brick is attached to a brick building. Near houses made of logs or timber, the design of their similar types of wood looks organic. Although today, more and more often, architects and designers allow exceptions to traditional rules, combining various technologies and materials, latest systems and a variety of styles. A matter of taste and preference. But we should not forget about the cost of work, consumables and basic materials.
Only by taking into account all the nuances and decisive factors, your own preferences and important construction standards can you design and build a high-quality and beautiful veranda that will serve more than one generation of residents of the house.
Civil works
Usually the veranda is located along one or more walls of the house. Exact dimensions buildings depend on the personal preferences of the owners, but not less than 4 m in length and 2.5 m in width. These are ergonomic parameters that allow several visitors to move freely on the veranda and place chairs, chairs, tables, sun loungers, decorative items and various vegetation on it.
Note! The depth of the foundation of the veranda must correspond to the parameters of the foundation of the building. Foundation structures should not be firmly connected, especially if the house was recently built. It is enough to use special tenons and grooves that will ensure the sliding of the planes vertically.
To arrange the base of the veranda, columnar or lightweight shallow foundations are usually used. A lightweight frame can be built from metal or wooden elements, subsequently sheathing them various materials: ready-made panels, timber or siding. The racks of the structure adjacent to the house can be rigidly connected to outer wall special embedded elements made of high-strength metal. To create a more comfortable atmosphere inside the veranda between the interior and external finishing Experts recommend installing hydro, steam and thermal insulation.
The roof of the extension usually matches the style common roof. Roofing elements made of glass, plastic or partial wooden sheathing look very stylish.
Note! The interior space of the veranda is finished after all work is completed, installing electrical wiring and installing lighting elements.
Video
How to build round veranda, see below:
Photo
A cozy and spacious veranda will be a great place for have a cozy holiday, for a friendly tea party or fun get-togethers with friends. And if it is, think about it original design, then it can become a real decoration of a private home.
It is more convenient, of course, when the device is already included in the main design of the house. But there’s nothing wrong with not thinking about it in advance.
You can think over the type and type of extension and build it at any time, as you wish. Is it possible to build a house with your own hands? Let's discuss this.
As with any construction project, a veranda will require drawing up a project. , which can be found on the Internet, convince us that the project must take into account characteristics architecture of the building, configuration and topography of the site.
An attached veranda will contribute to significant insulation of the home, so if possible it is better to place it on the north side.
Remember that:
- If you plan to use the terrace as a room for relaxation or sports, it is advisable that the windows overlook your own territory and not the neighbor’s.
- If the room is attached near the entrance to the house, then it is unlikely that it will be possible to make a recreation room out of it - rather, it will be a comfortable summer lounge.
- If you dream about almost completely glassed veranda, it is important to provide a reliable one. Otherwise, in hot weather you will not be able to avoid greenhouse effect. You can use windows with removable frames: this design will allow you to easily and quickly turn a closed room into an open one.
- If you want the air temperature in the room to be quite comfortable both in case of bad weather and in the cold season, choose dense material for building walls. Enclosing structures should not have cracks or gaps. To better retain heat in the room, double glazing is advisable.
Those wishing to receive a single architectural complex from a house with a veranda, the same or similar in appearance materials are used for enclosing structures. The walls of the veranda must remain independent from the main building. They are usually built on a separate or. The roof often has a single slope, not too steep. The floor is arranged with a slight external (towards the site) slope - approximately 2 cm per meter of width.
Veranda design for a brick house
Although experts recommend using similar materials for the extension, it is not at all necessary to make it out of brick for the house. Often other materials, very different, are used for this.
The main thing is that the veranda should be stylistically related to the main building. An important role here is played by the compatibility of the materials used and their skillful combination. A wooden veranda looks great with the brick walls of the house. If brick walls Since the main building is finished, it is quite possible to combine the construction of the extension from glass and plastic. In this case, sliding glass doors are perfect for entry.
However, the most common are extensions made of natural stone or boards. Also relevant, the basis of which is hard metal.
Red brick is a reliable, time-tested material that is perfect for a closed extension. Such a veranda assumes... Typically, the extension is adjacent to the facade wall and has dimensions of 3 meters. Its width can reach 5-6 meters, and largely depends on the characteristics and size of the site.
It is important to know that any additional building erected on the territory of your site must be registered with the architectural department and the inventory bureau. Otherwise, your building will not be considered legal, but will be considered an unauthorized construction.
For summer extension brick terrace to the house will be enough, the walls of the winter building should be much thicker. The walls must be of high quality.
The new building should not be “rigidly” connected to the main one, therefore all existing connecting lines are sealed with polyurethane foam.
Thorough sealing of the seams should be done only after the newly built veranda has completely settled. To arrange the roof of a closed veranda, it must be placed under the roofing sheets.
Materials for adding a veranda
Tree
TO wooden structure An extension made from the same material would be quite suitable. The use of other materials is not always appropriate, and in some cases it looks completely tasteless.
Natural material is harmless, environmentally friendly, looks great, is well processed and used. From different types of wood you can build a terrace structure of any shape, even the most intricate.
You can make it in a mountain style - it will look like a massive frame made of rough wood, fenced with stylized. Attached from the side picturesque garden, such a veranda will look extremely impressive. You can also use green bushes or original ones as a wooden veranda fence.
Metal
To add a terrace to a wooden home, you can use a metal frame or one made of. Huge ones suit this structure well.
If selected summer option verandas, then for the floor you can choose the same wear-resistant modern materials, which were also used for the local area. This could be, for example, tiles, terrace board from cedar or one of the types of stone.
U closed terraces the floor is decorated with traditional room materials – , .
Stone
Thanks to the remarkable ability of wood to go well with all kinds of natural materials, for a veranda made of wood, the finished look will be very natural natural stone.
But its function will be not only to decorate the room: on cool evenings it will be so cozy near the crackling hearth.
Enclosed verandas
They prefer to place such extensions on the side of the house, hidden from prying eyes.
It is advisable to arrange it in such a way that as much light as possible gets inside.
Such a terrace made of transparent polycarbonate seems to float in the air, creating a feeling of lightness and weightlessness, even if it is adjacent to a solid capital structure. If you plan to use it in the cold season, you will definitely have to use thermal insulation.
Various projects closed extensions involves various glazing methods
Open veranda
Attached to the main residential building open veranda under a canopy is perhaps the most common and most feasible for self-made construction.
Such a room will allow you to be on fresh air, despite the pouring rain or the hot rays of the summer sun. Flowers, shrubs and climbing vines will give the building security and special comfort.
The main advantage of such open buildings is the opportunity, without giving up the comfort of home, to be at the same time outside the enclosed space, in the fresh air.
It can also be placed, equipped compact zone for comfortable cooking. On such a terrace it is convenient to welcome guests, arrange gatherings and picnics. Functionally, it can be used as a full-fledged
Proper construction of extensions for various purposes can not only expand residential part home, but also improve it appearance and protect against wear. The construction of a veranda adjacent to the house, regardless of the type of structure, requires careful development of the project, with the determination of materials and construction technology.
Proper execution and approval of project documentation by government authorities will not only insure against problems with the law, but will also help to draw up a plan and estimate for the structure.
Design
A typical veranda is a roofed frame structure built on a strip or column foundation, with glass or half-glass walls. The statement that the veranda should be built from the same materials as the main building, with the emergence of new styles and fashion trends in architecture, has lost its relevance.
In the photos below - ready-made solutions verandas attached to the house, with different principles compatibility. In some cases, the new extension is made of the same materials and is completely combined with the house; in others, the new addition is combined with the preservation of common elements - roof, beams, etc.
There are also projects in which the original design of the extension introduces a new architectural touch, updating the exterior.
When choosing materials and construction technologies, you should also take into account the parameters of proper ventilation, moisture resistance and thermal insulation. With full glazing, it is necessary to provide opening segments for ventilation.
In case an open veranda is being built, or as it is also called - summer terrace, you need to take care of frost-resistant cladding and tilt the floor towards the site.
Designs with removable frames are optimal for year-round use. Installation of large sliding doors will also allow the building to be used in a dual-mode version.
In a typical project, the veranda area is rectangular and ranges from 10 to 15 sq.m. For smaller areas it will be too cramped; for larger ones, additional reinforcement for the roof will be required. Polygonal and semicircular foundations are also possible.
According to its location, the veranda can be corner, end or facade. An original solution can be considered the construction of a terrace along the entire perimeter of the house, which can have glazed, open and closed areas for various purposes: they can accommodate an entrance hall, a recreation area, and a large storage room.
Foundation
The foundation of terraces and verandas attached to the house must fit tightly to the main building, but at the same time have independent supports.
A strip foundation is suitable for large and heavy structures; in all other cases, a columnar foundation can be erected. When pouring concrete, you need to leave a gap of 3-4 cm with the main wall, which will subsequently be filled with waterproofing foam.
At the first stage of preparation for construction, the soil is cleaned and compacted. Then, for the pillars, corner holes are dug along the depth of the house foundation (about 1 m on average), a cushion is made of crushed stone, gravel and sand, onto which concrete is poured.
After setting, asbestos or asbestos supports are inserted metal pipes. Can also be used concrete pillars or brick. The same method is used to lay high piles for buildings adjacent to the second floor level.
Depending on the area and weight of the terrace, intermediate posts may be needed, installed every half meter.
For a strip foundation, a 30-50 cm trench is dug, the formwork is placed 15-20 cm higher. Metal reinforcement bars or reinforcing mesh are placed into the soil. Concrete is poured onto a layer of crushed stone and sand.
Wood frame
The frame is assembled from beams or logs with a width of at least 12 cm, which are covered with a waterproofing layer. For the strength of horizontal knitting, experts recommend using fastenings in the foot, the surface of the connection will be at an angle. Vertical racks secured with diagonal interceptions.
At the final stage wooden frame covered with rafters for the roof. For cladding you can use plywood panels, chipboards, etc.
Construction of a wooden veranda is the best budget solution at prices for materials, but when choosing this type of construction you need a professional approach and knowledge of the nuances of construction from wooden beams.
Other materials for verandas
The foam block structure is erected on strip foundation. This type of masonry is easy to do yourself. The laying is carried out using a special glue, with the seams bandaged for strength.
When finishing, internal and external waterproofing layer, plasterboard finishing, wooden shields, moisture-resistant wallpaper and paints. The outer surface can be lined with ventilated facades.
The construction of the structure is made of polycarbonate, a modern and attractive option. This material goes well in buildings with wooden and brick frames.
For a building that consists entirely of bicarbonate panels, you do not need a foundation. The earth can simply be compacted and covered with paving slabs.
The structure is created using aluminum profiles, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of ventilation and water drainage. Polycarbonate panels and frames various types can be tailored to specific needs for lighting and thermal insulation.
Before you attach a veranda to the house, you need to decide on the functions that it will perform. In addition to the necessary drainage and ventilation systems in any case, proper connection to the permanent structure and roof structure, the schedule for using this part of the house is important.
The design and construction of summer verandas differs from the requirements for premises with year-round use. It is also important to note that any extension will require the same care and updating as permanent buildings.
Photo of the veranda attached to the house
