Installing an electromagnetic lock with your own hands. How to connect an electromagnetic lock

Brings to your attention instructions for installing an electromagnetic lock. Now you can easily forget about simple locks. Electromagnetic locks capable of creating a force of 350 kg. You just need to connect the electromagnetic lock.

Today, an electromagnetic lock can do a lot. You will need a low level of power wastage to operate it. His efforts can provide reliable protection against thieves. In this article you will find information on how to install electromagnetic lock with your own hands.

What is an electromagnetic lock?

Many people don’t know how an electromagnetic lock works? If you understand its design, then you can understand that the operating principle of an electromagnetic lock is simple. Inside there is a coil that is wound around the core. The belly of the electromagnetic lock is filled with compound. This is it internal organization electromagnetic lock. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in its design.

The holding force of the plate will depend on the following factors:

Contact area between core and plate.
Number of turns of wire.
Current.

The force of attraction in an electromagnetic lock will depend on the voltage. That is why the greater the tension, the greater the force of attraction of the lock. You also need to remember not to overload the lock high voltage. As a result, its coil will overheat. That is why if you have installed this device, you will need to match it.

Some electromagnetic locks can be repaired. They have no filler inside, so you can easily remove the coil. Thanks to the supply of direct current, the coil does not heat up. If your lock is generating heat, then this may be due to the following factors:

Magnetization reversal of steel.
Eddy currents.

You can easily eliminate both phenomena using special measures. If your electromagnetic lock overheats, then it is necessary to install varnish insulation. After a power outage, you have an oscillating circuit that generates alternating current. The direction of the field will change very quickly. As a result, the voltage will drop and the door will open.

Installing an electromagnetic lock with your own hands is a fairly simple process. Almost anyone can perform the installation. Before connecting an electromagnetic lock, you need to decide what type of operation it has. There are locks that work to close or open. To do this, you need to set the jumper switch correctly. In this case, the number of output terminals can increase to five:

Two pins will be used to supply power to the device.
Three contacts can serve as a switch. The general contact will always work. Others will depend on the state of the button.

According to these factors, you need to select a controller. Before connecting the electromagnetic lock, you need to find out:

Is there a limiting thyristor?
Is there a capacitance built inside to block magnetization?
What does the lock react to, and what type of control is available.

During connection, you need to connect the device to the intercom. The controller must have an input for unlocking the lock using one button. Usually the lock opening terminal is located in dark room and therefore it must be backlit. A protective coating must be applied to the device. It will be able to provide:

Varnish is a cheaper option. This layer will look thick and will not last long. As a result, the force of attraction may decrease.
Zinc is a compromise option. The layer will not be very durable. The force of attraction may drop due to the gap that may be created.
Nickel is considered the highest quality coating. It is beautiful and has no rust.

If the steel on your door has become rusty, then you should take steps to clean it. You need to take a small sandpaper and clean the door.

When installing a personal video intercom in an apartment or Special attention pay attention to the possibility of remote opening front door or gate. For this purpose, an electric lock is connected to the main unit, which can be opened by pressing a button from inside the room. A person authorized to enter the premises may open the lock in any prescribed manner. Connecting a video intercom with an electric lock can be done via wired or. In order to perform correctly this work you need to decide on the type electronic lock and its design.

Types of electronic locks

All electronic (electric) locks can be divided into two groups:

Electromagnetic locks;
Electromechanical locks.

Any type of electronic lock can be connected to a regular intercom, and the choice is determined by the design of the door and the functionality of each design.

Electromagnetic lock

The lock of the first group is a powerful electromagnet, which is constantly supplied low voltage supply from a separate source. This design is mounted on the door jamb. The second element of the lock is a metal plate made of a magnetic alloy, installed on the door leaf. In operation, the door is closed, the door plate is pressed against the magnet and is held in place by the magnetic field. In order to open the door you need to press the button on the subscriber unit. The electromagnet will be de-energized for a short time, sufficient to open the door and enter the room. After that door closer will close the door and it will be locked again.

Scope of application. Electromagnetic locks are most often used in office and industrial premises that are separated metal-plastic doors. Such locks are not intended for the use of mechanical keys, and in order to open the lock from the outside, a visitor with access rights can use an electronic “Touch Memory” key fob or a magnetic card. To do this on outside door jamb a card reader or code reader from an electronic key is installed. The wiring diagram for an electric lock of this type is not very difficult.

The electromagnetic lock has the following advantages:

Low cost;
Easy installation;
Installation on various types of doors.

Flaws. The disadvantage of such a system can be considered the dependence on a constant supply of supply voltage, since if the network goes out, the electromagnet will be de-energized and the door will be unlocked. According to experts, this disadvantage becomes an undoubted advantage when, in the event of a fire, the entire building is disconnected from the power grid and open doors facilitate the rapid evacuation of personnel. In addition, such systems are poorly protected from intruders.

Electromechanical locks have gained great popularity in. They can be installed in apartments and country houses residential buildings. An electromechanical lock is a slightly modified conventional door lock, which can be overhead or mortise.

Operating principle The electromechanical lock is based on the movement of the bolt, which keeps the door locked. The locking metal plate is moved by a low-power electromagnet and is equipped with a return spring. When you press the button on indoor unit video intercom, the electromagnet pulls the bolt out of its socket on the door frame and the door can be opened. After the door closes, a spring returns the locking plate to its original position.

From the outside, such a door can be opened with a regular key, which everyone living in the apartment has. In the event of a power failure, the door equipped with an electromechanical lock will remain closed. Electromechanical locks, just like regular ones, come in overhead and mortise types.

Installation mortise locks This is a rather complicated matter that requires certain skills and experience working with the tool, so it is better to entrust this procedure to specialists. There are more complex designs electromechanical locks, where the locking bolts are moved by small electric motors. These locks are different high reliability because, due to the design features, it is almost impossible to press the bolt with any device.

Connecting an electronic lock to an intercom

The connection diagram for an intercom with an electric lock, regardless of its design, will require the use of a separate power source. The electromagnet winding consumes a decent amount of current and the low-power power supply available in the subscriber unit will not be enough.

There are several schemes for connecting electric locks to an intercom:

In one case, the electric lock is connected to the calling panel,
Another involves connecting the lock to the subscriber unit.

The first option is preferable, since the lock and the calling panel are located nearby, and there is no need to lay additional lines.

The control of an electromagnetic and electromechanical lock differs from each other. In the first case, the supply voltage is turned off, for which they are used normally closed contacts relay, and for the electromechanical lock to operate, power must be supplied to the electromagnet winding or electric motor, and for this purpose normally open contacts are used . Connecting the electric lock to the intercom can be done in a similar way. Such a wire has several pairs of single-core conductors. In order to avoid problems with the load, it is better to make up the wires through which the supply voltage is supplied from two twisted conductors.

Additional security measures. In order to completely secure your apartment or Vacation home, you should purchase and install electromechanical locks that have additional funds security. Thus, some models of electric locks for intercoms have two modes - day and night. If during the daytime the lock can be easily opened with a button from the subscriber unit or with a key from the outside, then at night additional bolts are installed that completely block the possibility of opening the lock.

Alexei

There are a huge number of reasons that require a locking device on the door. The most compelling of these is safety, but there are others, such as the need to be secluded in a separate room.

In such cases, installation and installation of an electromagnetic lock is required, as one of the most reliable and durable.

We will tell you how to do this without resorting to the services of specialists in this article.

Magnetic locks and their scope of application

Locking devices of this type can be installed on almost any door. Of course, there is no point in using them for bathrooms and toilet rooms.

Which is better, mechanical or magnetic, let’s look at the differences:

Moreover, the doors in them usually have a hollow interior and it is impossible to install an electromagnetic lock on it. Most often, this type of device is mounted on wooden structures that have a certain strength.

Locking mechanism design

These locks come in various models. This may be an option with a round response plate or a rectangular device with a compartment for the controller.

Structurally, an electromagnetic lock is a housing containing an electromagnet and an armature, which has a high magnetic permeability.

The lock model is selected so as to exclude the possibility of opening the door by force.

How does a magnetic device work?

For proper operation, the lock must be connected to the electrical network. From it, a current is supplied to the coil winding, which leads to the formation magnetic field. This in turn attracts the metal strike plate to the lock and keeps the door closed.

Opening occurs when you press the exit button and turn off the voltage. As soon as the power is turned off, the magnetic field will disappear, which leads to the opening of the door.

Watch the video, how it works:

That's the whole principle of operation of an electromagnetic lock. It is simple and reliable, which makes it possible to use such devices on almost any door.

What is meant by installation

Before starting installation work, you need to select locations for the main part and anchor. The electromagnet is usually located on door frame, and it should be as far as possible from the loops. By attaching the main part to the selected location, they determine where the counter plate will be located.

Having decided on a specific placement level, holes are made for the pins that will keep the anchor from rotating.

But in order to quickly complete the installation of an electromagnetic lock, you should have a set of special tools at hand:

Then they begin to mark the places where the main part and the counter plate of the device will be attached.

At closed door the planes of both parts are adjacent to one another. For better contact, a rubber washer is inserted into the response plate, which allows you to find the required plane.

Let's watch the video, inserting the lock and its installation:

The next stage of installing the locks after the markings have been completed will be making holes and installing the anchor in the marked place. For this purpose, a hex key is included with each lock. After installing the plate, the wires are inserted into the mounting compartment. But since not every lock model has such a device, it is possible to connect the cables in any convenient way.

The last stage of installing the lock is connecting the device to the electrical network and checking its functionality. In the process of performing this work, it is allowed to loosen the fastening screw to increase the freedom of the anchor.

When installing a lock, especially an electromagnetic one, it is necessary to strictly adhere to certain requirements. So the surfaces of the plate and the main part should be positioned strictly parallel with the complete absence of distortions.

Watch the video, installing an electromagnetic lock:

Connecting the electromagnetic lock to the network is carried out according to the diagram. And since its operation is controlled using a relay, the negative wire is connected to it, and the positive wire goes to the corresponding power terminal. For connection, experts recommend using wires with two cores.

Power is supplied to the controller according to the electromagnetic lock connection diagram. But the voltage cannot be more than 15 V at DC. Naturally, all work related to connecting electricity must be carried out with the power turned off.

Installation magnetic locks has its own characteristics. First, if there is a controller in the compartment, then it must first be placed in a bag. This will prevent moisture from entering. Second, after installing the device, you need to monitor the condition of the plate.

If moisture gets on it, a coating may appear that prevents adhesion to the lock. Third, it is worth periodically checking how firmly they hold the lock. If they become loose, you need to tighten them.

Fourth, if the controller is designed as a separate device, then it will be necessary to produce a master key, which is used to encode user cards. It is usually stored in a mounting box to avoid coding problems if it is lost.

Cost of installation services

Having received maximum information about the structure and operating principle of the electromagnetic lock, all that remains is to decide on the installation work. Who will solve this problem - employees with extensive experience and special education or you yourself? Of course, the choice is up to you, but since various difficulties may arise during the installation of magnetic locks, it is better to entrust it to professionals.

The cost of installation work depends on the type of device and the material from which the door is made. On average it is about $50. The amount is not so large that you would have to install magnetic locks on doors yourself, at the risk of getting a locking device that works with various flaws.

Reliable lock for any door

An electromagnetic lock is one of the most convenient and simple options make your home or office impregnable fortress for intruders.

Today, such devices are actively used to reliably close access doors and production premises, they are also very popular in the private sector.

The uniqueness of this locking device lies in the possibility of installing interior doors, as well as cabinet doors. In addition, the absence of moving elements in the lock eliminates its rapid wear. Such devices are capable of operating without repair for more than 200,000 cycles. This is what led to the installation of magnetic locks on public buildings, which are visited by a huge number of people every day.

Sections of the article:

In the process of arranging their home, every owner wants to make it not only cozy, but also safe. Currently, there are a huge number of locking mechanisms various types, but one of the most effective is an electromagnetic door lock.

Locking mechanism

An electromagnetic lock is a fairly simple device. The main components of the mechanism are the core with winding and the housing. In most cases, the core is glued together from transformer electrical sheet steel. This material was chosen to reduce the effect of residual magnetization when opening the lock. Also, to eliminate residual stress, a special paint coating. However, this does not give the full effect of eliminating accumulated stress.

In most cases, the element is made in the form of a set of small plates welded in the shape of the letter “W”. However, sometimes a solid core is used, which is much smaller in size, but has a significant drawback: such an element is capable of intensively accumulating residual stress. Therefore, in a circuit of devices of this type, a high-capacity capacitor of 200 μF is installed parallel to the core.

The winding is a coil with a huge number of turns copper wire covered with enamel. The body of the product is often made of aluminum or of stainless steel. It is possible to use plastic elements, but this design is not durable and reliable.

Principle of operation

The principle of operation of the product is to activate magnetic elements as a result of applying voltage to the winding and housing through the wires and terminals of the core. As a result of these actions, a voltage of 5 W or more produces a magnetic adhesive force of 150 kg or more.

When the voltage is turned off and the lock is opened, an oscillatory circuit is formed with alternating current. The discharge process, due to the presence of a capacitor, occurs through the winding. This changes the polarity of the magnet element. The remainder of the current is spent on magnetization reversal.

If the capacitor fails, it becomes necessary to open the door with considerable effort. In this case, replacement of the part is necessary. The new capacitance is installed parallel to the terminals. Moreover, it must be non-polar.

Types of electromagnetic locks

Considering the possibility of using various locking mechanisms in the device, products are conventionally divided into the following types:

Shear;
Retaining.

The main difference between the systems is the operating principle. Thus, electromagnetic door locks of the sliding type have a small anchor installed in cross section. The holding anchor is triggered to break away. The advantage of shear electromagnetic locks is an opportunity hidden installation inside the door leaf. This product does not block the opening.

Electronic sensors

Electromagnetic locks are often equipped with built-in Hall sensors. This device reacts to position locking mechanism and locking the door leaf. Such a sensor is always located inside the product, therefore, during an external visual inspection it is impossible to definitely say whether the lock is equipped with such a device.

Thanks to the Hall sensor, signals are sent to the core of the mechanism at high speed and with its help you can find out not only whether the door is open or locked, but also how many people have passed through it.

A significant advantage of such sensors is their high anti-burglary performance, as well as wear resistance. The products are not sensitive to temperature changes and increased humidity levels. In addition, it is impossible to open the mechanism using standard tools in the form of master keys.

Features of electromagnetic type mechanisms

It is worth knowing that not all electromagnetic locking mechanisms have electronics inside. Products without internal electrical elements are much easier to use and manage. Each of these devices has markings in the form of the letters “ML” and accompanying numbers. The numbers indicate the weight in kilograms required to open the door.

During the installation of the retaining lock, the mechanism is applied to door leaf. The trim is mounted on top of the door, thereby taking up free space and narrowing the opening. For this reason, mortise-type locking mechanisms are much more convenient.

Installation and adjustment of an electromagnetic type locking mechanism should only be carried out when the power supply is turned off. Such measures are necessary because during the installation process there is direct contact with parts of the product that conduct current.

Electromagnetic locks are installed even at emergency exits, since they are much safer than conventional mechanical locking devices. If there is no power to the electromagnetic unit, the lock automatically opens.

Device selection

When choosing an electromagnetic lock for a door, the main criterion is the weight and thickness of the door itself. In the presence of light door not worth mounting locking device with a maximum holding force of 500 kg. For such products, a lock with a capacity of 150 kg is ideal.

It is advisable to install locking mechanisms with the highest possible magnet retention rates in reinforced and armored door structures.

Installation of an electromagnetic lock

Installing the lock is quite easy to do on your own. Before installing the product, you should prepare all the tools necessary for the work process:

Building level;
Hammer;
Roulette;
Screwdriver;
Electric drill;
Wire cutters;
Fastening tool;
A simple or construction pencil for marking.

Installation technology

Before starting work, it is necessary to select a suitable place to place the device. Installation of an electromagnetic lock on a door can be done both horizontally and vertically. The main condition is to maintain the distance from the door hinges.

To determine the location of the counter plate, an overlay is placed on the door leaf of the main part of the device. After this, the stencil of the counter plate is glued. To fix the part itself, it is necessary to mark the location of the fasteners. Pins are necessary in this case to securely fix the mating part.

Before drilling holes, you must make sure that the installed drill has the same diameter as the hole according to the stencil. After preparing the holes, the plate is screwed to the canvas using washers. To ensure a good fit of the product, 2 washers are screwed onto each of the screws: a steel one on the side of the door jamb, and a rubber one screwed on top of it. This fastening system allows the contact system to swing slightly, which ensures a high tightness of the core.

To determine the exact location of the corner, the mechanism is again applied with its main part to the anchor element. Using a hexagon, the plate is shifted to the required plane. To check the correct location of all components, it is necessary to loosen the mounting bolt. This releases the counter plate. One of the most important features to ensure the correct functioning of the product is to place the plate parallel to the base.

Installation options

The installation principle of the product depends on the type door design. Based on these features, there are several ways to install the product.

Installation is carried out on the top inner part jamb with the placement of the core to the canvas. The contact element is located opposite. No additional fasteners are required. IN glass door The lock is installed with the contacts facing inwards. Instead of a steel plate, a Z-shaped angle is used. In this case, the canvas opens into the room.

For installation on a narrow jamb, overlays in the form of corners are used. After such expansion, installation is carried out by placing the core to the canvas on the inside of the jamb. If it is necessary to unlock the door in the direction of the lock, the contact pad, like the plate, is secured using corner pads in the horizontal upper position.

Power connection

The final stage of installation is connecting the electrical part. This procedure is quite simple due to the presence of markup. So, the wires with the “+” sign are connected to the terminal with the corresponding designation. Wires marked with a “-” symbol are connected via a relay. To connect the elements, it is recommended to use a two-core wire with a cross-sectional thickness of 0.5 mm.

The installation instructions included with the products always note that the operation of the lock is directly dependent on the voltage supplied to the relay. Before starting installation, to ensure quality work For this product, it is recommended to purchase a closer device and a backup power source in the form of a UPS unit.

Product advantages

One of the main advantages of the mechanism is the absence of systematic direct contact of parts with each other. Thanks to this, damage does not occur as a result of abrasion of elements.

During use, depending on the maximum holding force of the mechanism, the power consumed by the lock ranges from 5 to 15 W, which is less than the power supply energy saving light bulbs. Thus, the device is very economical.

Currently on sale there is a universal electromagnetic door lock that can operate without using electrical energy. Its opening is carried out mechanically and, at the same time, it is possible to unlock the device when voltage is applied to the product. Thanks to this feature, it becomes possible to open the door in the absence of power.

Optional equipment

When using any of the methods for installing electromagnetic locks, it is possible to equip the structure with an additional functional unit in the form of a video intercom. The installation and connection diagram of the lock device remains unchanged and may have several variations. However, to connect video communication, it is preferable to mount the product on the upper inner part of the door jamb.

To produce individual electronic keys for a lock, a special controller with software encoding for the main master key is used. Such a system is justified when installing an electromagnetic lock at the entrance to office space or entrance.

Every person wants to live comfortably and safely in their home. To ensure these conditions, many resort to using various technical means. The choice of lock is of particular importance. Today on the market you can find a wide range of such products: mechanical, double-sided coded, electromagnetic, electromechanical and other locks. The connection diagram for an electromechanical gate lock is described in detail in the instructions supplied with the device, so its installation will not be particularly difficult.

Electromechanical mechanism for the gate

Choosing a lock for the gate and completing the device

There are certain criteria that an electrically operated lock must meet. In order for the device to last as long as possible, it must meet the following requirements:

The design of the lock should be unpretentious, but reliable.
The product must withstand temperature changes (from –40 to +50 degrees).
The lock can be attached to the gate profile.
The body is made of stainless metal.

For private households, the most the best option is considered to be an electromechanical mechanism that is installed on the gate, together with the intercom. This allows you to open the gate remotely. By installing a video intercom on the gate, the owner does not need to go to the exit to find out who came to him. It is enough to see the image on the panel of the device located inside the house.

Intercom equipment

As a rule, the kit consists of the following elements:

call panel;
intercom monitor connected inside the house;
power unit;
set of keys and lock;
box in which the power supply will be built;
camcorder;
wires;
instructions that indicate step by step plan device installation.

Scheme for self-connection intercom

The convenience of the electromechanical device is that it can be opened in several ways:

remotely by pressing the button located on the body of the internal part of the intercom;
from the site side, using an electronic or mechanical button;
from the outside of the site, using a card, mechanical key or entering a code.

Intercom system installation sequence

"How to connect electromechanical lock to the gate? - this question worries many owners country houses. This device is very convenient to use and provides security by preventing intrusion uninvited guests on private territory. To open a gate with such a lock, just press a special button on the intercom.

The device installation process looks something like this:

The call panel is installed on outside wickets. It is powered by an electrical circuit and transmits video and audio signals to the video intercom monitor using a coaxial cable.
The device monitor is installed inside the house and is also connected to a 220V power supply.
The lock is fixed on a metal or wooden gate and connected through the calling panel to the power supply.
A power supply is installed in the room, which is connected to an electromechanical lock on one side, and to the electrical network on the other. If the distance between the power supply and the lock is less than 20 m, use a 2x0.5 mm 2 wire. In other cases, you need to use a cable with a larger cross-section, for example 2x1.5 mm 2.

The design of the lock makes it possible to open the mechanism if there is no power supply.

Scheme for attaching the lock and its further connection

Tools and Supplies

To connect an electromagnetic lock to a gate (the connection diagram is shown in the photo above), you will need the following tools and consumables:

cable;
mounting clamps and insulating means;
wire;
pliers;
screwdrivers;
wrenches;
drill;
Bulgarian;
drill.

Carrying out installation

The main problem is that most people do not know how to connect an electric lock to a gate. In fact, it is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. The instructions for the product describe in detail the process of installing the lock, as well as a diagram for connecting the intercom to the gate.

When starting installation, you need to carefully study the sequence of actions. In order not to damage the electromechanical lock, you must follow the instructions exactly.

Sequencing:

1. The electric locking mechanism must be installed on the gate. To do this, the lock is applied to the surface where it will be secured, and a marker is used to mark a guide for drilling holes.
2. Drill holes using a drill the right size, and fasteners secure the lock.
3. To install a lock internal type, a recess of suitable diameter must be made in the gate. For this you will need a grinder.
4. A hole is drilled for the locking bolt. The counterplate is secured with screws. It is very important that it is located clearly opposite the lock.

Connecting the cable

If the kit does not include a connection cable, you will have to purchase it separately. You need to choose a combined wire. This will allow you to connect to both the power supply system and the video intercom system. The passport supplied with the lock should indicate which brand of cable should be used. You need to determine the required footage yourself by taking measurements.

It is best to lay the wire from the gate to the house in the shortest possible way. Indoor and street devices connected in several ways: by air or underground.

If it is necessary to pull the wire through the air, a tensioner should be used. Suitable for this steel wire. This measure is necessary to prevent wire breakage during icing and strong gusts of wind.

Laying the wire in a metal sleeve with PVC insulation

To lay the cable underground, use plastic corrugation, galvanized or insulated metal hose.

The height at which the lock needs to be placed, as well as detailed diagram connection of the device is indicated in the product passport.

Scheme for commissioning an electromagnetic lock with a controller

This device is most often used in the entrances of multi-storey buildings, offices, industrial facilities and large stores. Although some owners of country houses also use an electromagnetic lock.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows: current is supplied to an electromagnetic coil, during which a magnetic field is formed. The plate attached to the door is attracted and held by the force of the magnet. Switching off and supplying current to the coil is provided by the controller. You can open the door using a special card and a code key.

Connecting such a device is not difficult. The lock is installed on the door, and the controller is placed in a special box near it. The connection diagram is shown in the photo.

Connection diagram for an electromagnetic lock with a controller

The main contact of the calling panel is connected to the “exit” button. When the device is operating, the controller detects the operation of the relay, after which it sends a signal to break the electromagnetic circuit, and the doors open.