Electric instantaneous water heater technical characteristics. Instantaneous and storage water heaters

Summer season associated with going to the country, repairing city waterways, and lack of hot water supply. An instantaneous electric water heater, a compact device, will solve the problem. The advantage of the device is that it instantly heats running water in the tap or for the shower. No storage tank required to take up space. Due to the heating elements built into the jacket, the passing water, washing them, heats up.

Operating principle of instantaneous water heaters

In principle, hot water distribution is not needed. Heated water can be supplied through the cold water line, but then it cannot be diluted.

There are two fundamentally various schemes heating – flow-through pressure and non-pressure. IN in this case the circuit is considered non-pressure, since the water enters for heating after the valve, and its free flow to the shower passes under atmospheric pressure. In this scheme, a temperature controller is used; the incoming flow rate is determined manually by the user. The circuit includes a power shutoff valve when there is no water in the pipe. This protects against water overheating and accidents. An instantaneous electric water heater can operate at a power of 2-8 kW and does not require separate wiring.

A pressure flow system is more complex. In order to receive required parameters flow and temperature, two regulatory systems are involved - pressure and temperature. Pressure systems are complex, use additional options, and cost much more. But they are designed to connect several sampling points, and turn on automatically when a flow appears in the pipe. The system requires a separate wire designed for the power of the device.

To prevent water from creating deposits on the heating elements when heated, it is subjected to magnetic treatment with a compact activator built into the system. An electric instantaneous water heater is an alternative to a boiler. The equipment has the same tasks, but different principle actions. In the boiler, the water is heated constantly, with a power of 1-2 kW; for flow-through heating, it is necessary to apply a burst of power with a power of 3-30 kW, depending on the selected equipment. On the other hand, excess water in the container cools down and energy is wasted unproductively.

An instantaneous electric water heater takes power only when using a tap or shower.

Design of flow heaters

Numerous models of flow-through heaters use similar heating methods. Brands are distinguished by design and materials used in product layout. Installation of an electric flow-through shower is carried out from pressure and non-pressure models. Low power non-pressure devices do not allow you to get water warmer than 60 C. But this temperature is standard for supplying coolant to the mains central heating. A non-pressure heater can serve only one point of analysis. However, the device is compact, easy to install on your own, and can meet your needs if you use a special attachment. Due to the different cross-sections of the water inlet and outlet, the time spent by the liquid in the heating chamber is regulated. The flow from the narrow end creates a comfortable pressure.

Here is a drawing of a non-pressure flow-through heater AEG BS 35 E made in Germany. The company specializes in the production of flow-through heaters different categories. A non-pressure device can operate at low power and provide operation of a maximum of two points in turn. The AEG RCM 6 E pressure water heater can be installed on mains up to 10 bar. Flask and heating element in copper design. Such heaters are installed in a separate cabinet and cannot be called economical.

Installing an instantaneous electric water heater on a tap

At first glance, the device installed on the tap appears to be an ordinary mixer. Only the electrical wiring gives away the placement of the device. A spiral heater and a process-controlling regulator are hidden in the durable tube body. IN design solutions Various mains supply connections can be used. All devices include:

• flask;
• heater;
• temperature relay with shutdown function;
• water movement relay giving the start command;
• water filter;
• load regulator.

Usually instantaneous water heaters electric ones are used for summer cottages. Wash dishes and hands warm water possible from a low-power device. The lower the power of the device and the simpler the design, the cheaper it is. For seasonal use, you can find a model that costs less than three thousand rubles. In this case, you will have to manually regulate the flow of water. The higher the inlet flow, the lower the outlet temperature. It is considered optimal if the device produces the flow-temperature ratio:

• kitchen sink – 3-5 l/min at t 45-50 0 C;
• washbasin – 2-4 l/min at t 35-37 C;
• shower – 4-10 minutes at t 37-40 C.

Such indicators will be given by a device with a power of 3-6 kW. The KDR-4E-3 faucet model from Delimano provides heating under these conditions up to 60 degrees. Inexpensive instantaneous water heaters from Electrolux took first place in the ranking in terms of price and functionality. It is worth paying attention to Electrolux Smartfix 3.5 T and Garanterm GHM 350, Russian-made brands.

Choosing an instantaneous electric water heater for a country house

There are certain standards for water consumption for each person. Therefore, you need to calculate the purchase of a water heater based on the total need for hot water. For a large building with several sanitary points, it is better to use a storage heating system. Boilers operate on a regular network and consume energy economically.

If there is a need to install an electric instantaneous water heater in an apartment building old building, the device should be selected in the power range up to 8 kW, with a separate line laid.

If a voltage of 380 V is supplied to the building, then you can acquire a powerful device. It is important to choose a safe heater that uses:

• enameled heating chamber;
• elements in a stainless casing;
• flask and heating elements made of copper, with quartz coating.

How to choose the right instantaneous electric water heater based on power? Experts advise:

• in summer, a power of 3.5 kW is sufficient, since the water has a temperature of about 18 degrees;
• in winter, models with power above 5 kW are effective;
• Models with options that require a power of more than 7 kW are not worth purchasing for a standard apartment.

Model range of electric instantaneous water heaters, their prices and characteristics

Demand flow heaters due to the need to create comfortable conditions life under any circumstances. The compact size of the devices allows you to install the equipment in cramped conditions. The water heats up within a few seconds and it is possible to maintain a stable value.

When choosing a device, you are guided by its power, design and offered options. However, the main indicator is the power of the water heater.

To give you a choice, we present an overview of several brands.

manufactured at own production in Israel.

The quality of the products is confirmed by:

• working life – 15 years;
• special design of heating elements with a power of up to 12 kW with instant action;
• network operation using an electronic sensor that controls flow;
• Possibility of installation in tight spaces.

If the pressure in the system is less than permissible, the electricity is turned off and the indicator goes off. Atmor heaters can be used in older apartment buildings. As an example, we can offer for consideration a model of an electric instantaneous water heater Atmor ENJOY 100 5000 Showers, costing about 3 thousand. Its productivity is 3 l/min, when heated to 65 C, the connection power is 5 kW. As a pressure option for these parameters, the Atmor In-Line 5 model is offered, two thousand rubles more expensive.

Instantaneous water heater Thermex is closed design with two buttons displayed on the panel. Products of the Stream series with a power of 3.5 - 7 kW and Sistem, a device closed in a housing with a connection of 6-10 kW, are offered. The unit has chemical protection from salt formation, heating temperature adjustment.

Advantages of instantaneous water heater:

• the design is equipped with a water flow sensor, a copper heater, a temperature control sensor and an RCD;
• serves several points simultaneously;
• easy installation;
• fast water heating.

The stylish Thermex System 600 White pressure model with a capacity of 5 l/min costs no more than 5 thousand rubles.

manufactured in Great Britain has 250 service centers for its equipment in Russia. The products are presented in several series, which in turn are multi-variant.

What is common to all models is:

• work in the range of 0.25 – 6.0 bar;
• automatic heating shutdown when reaching 57 C;
• presence of a display on the instrument panel;
• complete with water filter and pressure regulator;
• own accessories included in delivery - spout, shower.

Vega and Gamma are considered inexpensive models. Their cost does not exceed 3 thousand. But the Polaris Smart model is considered the most affordable.

When choosing a model of an electric instantaneous water heater, we advise you to pay attention to products under the Electrolux and AEG brands. First of all, it is necessary to focus on the state of the electrical network from which the water heater is powered.

Review of instantaneous water heater testing - video

To solve the problem of hot water in an apartment or private house, in the country you can heat water using electric water heaters. There are several types, and in order to decide which water heater is best for your situation, you need to know their advantages, disadvantages and operating features of each type of water heating equipment.

What types of household water heaters are there and how do they differ?

• flow type - heat the water passing through the device;
• accumulative type— the water in the heater tank is heated;
• flow-storage - have two operating modes;
• liquid

It’s difficult to say which water heater is better. If we talk about appearance, the main external difference is the size. Cumulative models are large, flow-through models are small. But size is not all that is needed to understand what is best for you. You need to know the advantages and disadvantages of each type of equipment.

Cumulative models

A storage water heater (also known as a boiler) has a capacity of considerable size - from 30 to 200 liters. Inside there is a heating element - heating element. It may be one or several. The heating elements can be switched on in parallel (they always work simultaneously) or in cascades (they are switched on as needed). When switched on in cascade, there are several heating modes for more efficient energy consumption.

Many more models contain a thermometer to conveniently control the water temperature and a thermostat to maintain the set temperature. The desired temperature is set by turning the thermostat control knob to a certain position.

A storage water heater constantly contains a certain volume of water. It is heated using electric heaters. There are two types:

• heating element ( T ribbed E lectro N heater). Inexpensive classic solution. They are quickly and easily changed, and any specialty store has a wide selection in stock. Disadvantage - it takes a long time to heat the water.
• Spiral heating element. More powerful heaters that quickly heat large volumes of water allow you to accurately maintain the required temperature. But they are more expensive (affects the price of the water heater), and their replacement is also more difficult.

Principle of operation

Regardless of the type of heater installed, the principle of operation of a storage water heater is the same. When the set temperature is reached, the thermostat turns off the power supply and heating stops. Further, the temperature is maintained automatically. When the water cools by 1 degree or cold is added to the tank during consumption, the heating is turned on. As soon as the set temperature is reached (or rather, a degree higher than the set one), heating stops. That's how they work storage water heaters with automation. They are convenient because they do not overheat (if the automation is working properly) and you always have hot water available, which is heated the way you wanted. Such equipment usually has two operating modes - with temperature maintenance or without - in manual mode.

To keep the water temperature as long as possible, insulation is used. It is placed between the walls of the tank and the body. With good thermal insulation, even with hot water, the body remains cold, maybe a little warm. It is clear that if the temperature lasts a long time, the costs of maintaining it are small. Even if you turn off the keep warm function, the water will be hot even after 24 hours.

There are very simple electric water heaters that do not have a thermostat. They are turned on/off by a toggle switch - manually. As you understand, in this case there is a possibility that the water heater will boil and fail (if you forget to turn it off).

There is one more nuance - stepwise activation of heating elements. There are usually two or more of them installed in a housing, and several heating modes are also available. One is more powerful, in which all heaters are turned on, the rest are softer - one or two heating elements can work, depending on their total number. What is this for? In summer you can use heating in a gentle mode - the water will heat up quickly, in winter they usually use all heaters - wait less. In general, you can regulate the heating rate of the boiler in this way. If you have drained all the hot water and need the next batch quickly, turn it on at full power, there is no such need - you can avoid overloading the networks by turning it on at half power.

What materials are tanks made of and features of their maintenance?

Storage water heater tanks are made of stainless and ordinary steel. Ordinary steel is coated protective layers enamel, stainless steel does not need them. From this point of view, it is easy to say which water heater is better - with a stainless steel tank. But it is also more expensive. But the service life of such equipment is much longer - the enamel, even the highest quality, flakes off over time.

To extend the service life of the enameled coating, magnesium anodes are installed in storage steel water heaters. They require periodic replacement - they “melt” during operation, and their condition is monitored by a special sensor with an indicator displayed on the front panel. The status of the indicator monitors the need to replace the anode.

How to choose and which one is better

In most cases, storage water heaters are installed in private houses or in apartments of multi-storey buildings where there is no centralized supply of hot water. Equipment is selected according to tank volume. If you don’t like restrictions, you can calculate it at the rate of 50 liters of hot water per family member. This should be enough. In the tank it heats up to, say, 70°. It is unrealistic to use this, you will dilute it. As a result, there will be 100-150 liters of warm water per person (depending on the temperature of the water in the water supply). This does not take into account the fact that during consumption the water is also heated.

Everything is clear about the material of the tanks: there is a possibility, it is better to take a storage electric water heater with a tank made of of stainless steel. The number of operating modes is not so critical, but it is also a good option, although such models are more expensive due to their more complex circuitry.

About which company is better to choose. No one can objectively tell you which water heater is better - people have different needs and requests. But we can draw some conclusions from operating experience. People speak well of storage heaters from the following companies:

• Termex. If we talk about prices for water heaters with a stainless steel tank, then this company has no competitors in terms of price. It’s hard to say about the quality, reviews vary.
• Real. Good storage boilers, the main thing is that you have the consumables in your city.
• OSO. Very good, but expensive.
• Electrolux (AEG). Well-known company with stable quality.

Instantaneous water heaters

The instantaneous water heater has more modest dimensions. This is a small box that is attached to the wall. Inside there is also a tank with a heating element, but their dimensions are very miniature, and heating elements usually have the form of a spiral - in order to better heat the passing water.

One of necessary elements flow sensor. It monitors the appearance of water movement in the device (the tap is opened) and sends a command to turn on the heating element. When the tap closes, the flow sensor turns off the power supply.

There is also a thermostat that sets the water temperature. It may be a rotary type with a scale; there are models with an electronic display with push-button or touch controls.

Pressure and non-pressure instantaneous water heaters, their connection

There are two options for instantaneous water heaters - system and individual. System ones cut into cold and hot water risers, also called pressure ones. Several points can be provided at once - for example, a shower, sink and washbasin. There are 220 V system instantaneous water heaters with relatively low power consumption (about 8-9 kW), but they can heat a small amount of water. There are very powerful units - up to 32 kW, but they are three-phase - 380 V.

There are two broad classes of pressure flowers.

Individual instantaneous water heaters - non-pressure - are connected to cold water. At their exit flexible hose with a nozzle or, as an option, a faucet - for washing. These devices are good for periods when the hot water supply is turned off or as a solution to the problem of hot water in the country.

Note, stopcock only on the supply side and you can turn off hot water only with its help. Connecting shut-off valves at the outlet will sooner or later lead to a rupture of the tank in which the water is heated. This happens when the automatic water shutoff does not work. But it is not intended to track water consumption, but only monitors its appearance/disappearance at the inlet. So sooner or later a failure occurs.

When connecting pressure and non-pressure options, grounding is required. In general, it is advisable to run the power supply to such connections using a separate line - high power consumption, the combination of water and electricity is an unsafe combination. Conventional wiring may not hold up. Therefore, a separate line is needed from the one on which the machine and the RCD are located.

Control type

There are two types of control for instantaneous water heaters:

• Hydraulic. When there is a flow sensor at the input (the first photo in the section), the signal from which turns the heating element on/off. The disadvantage of such a system is that it always turns on at the same power. Some models have several power modes, but they must be changed forcibly each time (by pressing buttons).
• Electronic. The operation is controlled by a microprocessor that monitors the state of the device using several sensors. These systems allow you to maintain the required temperature.

Tankless water heaters with hydraulic controls can only add a certain number of degrees to the water temperature. Exactly what depends on the power of the heating element, but on average it is about 20-25°C. This means that in summer you will get quite warm water at the output - about +40°C, and in winter it will be only slightly warmer than +20°C, since the incoming water is very cold and you need to heat the device to more high temperatures I just can't.

More powerful models - system ones, with the Sistem prefix - have electronic control and can cope with the task of maintaining the set temperature. Their disadvantage is that they require more power and are expensive. But if you have such an opportunity, the automation will maintain a constant (set by you) temperature at any time of the year. The installation rarely operates at full power, but it is still necessary to pull the power supply line at maximum power and use it to calculate the machine and the RCD.

What are flow heaters made of?

The internal filling can be:

• Made of copper. These models have very good characteristics - they quickly heat the water. Copper has high thermal conductivity and quickly transfers heat.
• Made from stainless steel. Not a bad option, durable (if the water is not hard).
• Made of plastic. The cheapest and not the most durable. Although special plastic is used, it is better not to buy such flow-through devices.

The choice of instantaneous water heater based on this criterion is obvious. If possible, buy one with a copper “filling,” but stainless steel ones also work well.

Pulling food copper wire cross-section of at least 3.5 mm (with power consumption up to 7 kW) and 4 mm - up to 12 kW. The machine is selected based on the current consumed; the RCD is taken one step higher with a leakage current of 10 mA. With this connection method and properly functioning grounding there will be no problems.

Features of choice

When choosing an instantaneous water heater, you need to focus on several indicators:

All these parameters should be in the description. Having selected several models, you can then, based on reviews, or based on technical characteristics, decide which water heater is better. If we talk about companies, then German and Italian devices are better in quality. With Chinese ones, it depends on your luck, although many companies have moved production to China. And now most of household appliances has dual “citizenship” - usually written - the homeland of the brand and the place of production. Most of this equipment works reliably, as companies value their name and introduce strict control over product quality.

Specific models

There are instantaneous water heaters of non-standard format. The most common is a faucet with an instantaneous water heater. This is an interesting option for a summer residence, for example, but it’s difficult to say how things stand with maintainability - there are not very many users of such devices yet and the operating experience is very small.

Which water heater is better: instantaneous or storage?

Deciding which water heater to buy - a boiler (storage) or a flow-through - is, in principle, not difficult. First of all, the limiting factor is the power consumption: for storage water heaters the maximum is 3-4 kW, for instantaneous water heaters it is pointless to take less than 7-8 kW - they can only heat a very small volume of water. Not everyone has the opportunity to install such powerful equipment.

Secondly, you need to look at whether you will use the electric water heater constantly or only periodically. With occasional use, especially in summer period Instantaneous water heaters are convenient, so open type(individual, which are installed next to the sink). For example, this is a great way to heat water to a comfortable temperature if the sun is unable to cope with this task. This is also a way to solve problems in apartments when the hot water supply is turned off for repairs.

For constant and regular use, storage water heaters are more economical and convenient. Modern models They “keep” the temperature for more than a day, so the electricity consumption here will be less rather than more.

Flow-through storage water heaters

This is a combination of the two described before devices. They work in two modes. If the water consumption is small, water is supplied from the storage tank; if it increases, it is also connected flow heating. The equipment is very convenient, but expensive. There aren't many options. This is Stiebel Eltron SHD for 30 liters and 100 liters. Price - $1500-1750.

Bulk water heaters

An excellent solution for a summer cottage or when you are away from home tap water. A tank water heater is a container with a lid in which a heating element is mounted. The container can be made of stainless steel, plastic, ordinary steel coated with enamel. The temperature is regulated by a thermostat. A shower hose is attached to the body.

There are two types of such devices - gravity and with pressure created by a small built-in pump (Alvin EVBO). Gravity-flow tankless water heaters must be hung above your head. You can take a shower, but the water flow will be weak. Models with a pump have more pressure, but the tank capacity must be decent and such a model cannot be called a camping one.

The functions here could be:

Bulk water heaters are an original Russian invention and all manufacturers are Russian. There are similar electric water heaters of the following brands:

• Success;
• Alvin Evbo;
• Aquarius;
• Elbet;
• Mr. Heath Summer Resident;
• Fairy tale.

The devices operate on a 220 V network, the power is about 1-2 kW, the price is from $20 to $100, depending on the functionality and material of the tank. Which water heater is best in this category? Stainless steel with pressure, but these are just the most expensive models.

Faced with the problem of temporarily turning off hot water at any time and for an indefinite period of time, with an increase in the price of heating water using gas, the thought arises of buying an electric water heater. The “boiler” or electric water heater comes in two types: instantaneous and storage. Let's look at what an electric instantaneous water heater is, why it is needed and how it works.

An electric instantaneous water heater is a small device that does not accumulate water, but immediately supplies water to the tap, but in a heated state. The water temperature of 60 degrees immediately enters the tap.

Electric models are in demand because they are easy to install and easy to operate. The device makes life easier and completely removes dependence on the whims of utility services.

The presence of an instantaneous water heater eliminates the need for central heating. Water losses in the pipeline are reduced. Saves time and money.

Conditions for choosing a water heater

The flow-type water heating device is distinguished by technical features:

• heating water requires consumption large quantity electricity. Even the best instantaneous water heaters are not able to reduce energy costs.

Therefore, a instantaneous water heater is installed under the following conditions:

1. the need to ensure constant availability of hot water. Such working conditions arise in catering establishments and mega trade complexes;
2. time spent indoors is limited, but there is an urgent need for hot water. For example, summer residents in suburban areas face this situation;
3. it is possible to pay electricity costs at a reduced price;
4. if there is no space to install a storage device.

The service life of an instantaneous water heater is lower than that of a storage device. It wins in price.

Types of models

Models of instantaneous water heaters differ in design and type of control.

Design types:

• a complex design capable of supplying hot water to several points - this is a pressure type.

High price. It is impossible to install a heater without a plumber. It is necessary to have knowledge of the intricacies of the work of a plumber and an electrician together. Special tools will be required. Works in tandem with any type of mixer. It is offered for a 380 V network, since the heater has a power of 36 kW. Mounted before the mixer.

• The structure is installed directly on the tap - this is a non-pressure type.

The tap must be thermostatic. Most kits are already equipped with a tap. The heater is installed after the mixer. There are models that are built into the mixer. The power of the instantaneous water heater is 8 kW.

Types of heater by type of setting and control

By type of setting and control there can be:

• The design with a minimum set of settings is hydraulic.

It is distinguished by a range of functions: start-up, shutdown, several modes that set different water supply temperatures.

• A design in which the operation control system is more flexible is a heater with an electronic control type.

The temperature of the water supply is set, the operation of the heater is adjusted to the pressure of running water, and the operation is regulated depending on the supply of electrical power.

The electronic model is more expensive than the hydraulic model, but is reliable in operation.

Principle of operation

The heater design consists of 4 main parts:

1. base – body;
2. integrated system of heating elements;
3. electronics that monitor water temperature and pressure;
4. circuit breakers.

Flow-through electrical devices work according to a given program:

• the electrician monitors water pressure and is triggered when cold water enters the housing;
• Depending on the set heating temperature, it turns on required quantity heating elements;
• receiving heat from the heating elements, the liquid is heated to the desired temperature;
• Hot water will already be coming out of the outlet pipe.

To increase the service life of the heater, in some designs the heating element is covered with a heat exchanger; the liquid does not come into direct contact with the heating element. The heating element is better preserved.

Criteria for choosing an instantaneous water heater

Performance is the main indicator when buying a water heater. Think about the purposes for which you will buy a heater for your apartment. This is important, because in order to wash your hands, 3 l/min will be enough, for dishes you will need 5 l/min, and for comfortable bathing in the shower – 8 l/min. Of course, this affects the amount of electricity consumed.

An important criterion when choosing is the power of the instantaneous water heater. The calculation is made according to the principle: the hot water performance indicator is multiplied by two. This indicator will tell you what the electricity consumption will be during operation of the device. The instructions indicate the power. For example, 3-4 kW will be enough for hands, 7-17 kW will be enough for using a shower, and the bathroom will have hot water with a power of 21 kW.

The device with the lowest power is called a small instantaneous water heater. It lives up to its name and you shouldn't expect more from it. Keep this in mind when you decide to use it for showering. Manufacturers set restrictions for a reason.

Flow-through electric heaters have their own additional functions:

• protection for heating elements from overheating;
• the heater is equipped with a fuse against voltage surges;
• the deactivator works automatically if there is no water in the tap;
• to prevent sudden water supply with increasing pressure, install an additional valve;
• light indicators notifying about the operating mode of the device;
• A filter will help protect the heating element from deposits.

The more additional functions a heater has, the higher its price. But for the quality and long term You need to pay for the service so as not to replace it with a new instantaneous water heater in the near future. It is important to be collected full set all necessary parts for installation: fittings, faucets, tubes, plugs. This will ensure correct installation and flawless operation.

When it seems that you have two devices in front of you with the same parameters, then it is better for your apartment to choose a device with a high degree of protection against overheating, against scale, with an automatic shutdown system, and with a water filter.

If there is a choice between an electronic type of control and a hydraulic one, then it will seem strange, but the first instantaneous water heater for an apartment will be the first option. It will bring big savings.

Thanks to the electronic type of control, overheating of the device is prevented, the device “remembers” comfortable temperature, which will significantly save energy consumption.

Advantages of installing a flow-through heater

You can sum up some results and write below the line what can motivate you to buy an instantaneous water heater for your apartment:

• fast water heating;
• compactness;
• ease of maintenance;
• Some companies produce a flow-through heater at a price lower than that of a storage heater.

Disadvantages of installing a flow-through heater

Knowledge of all the difficulties in the operation of a flow-through heater will help you make the right choice:

• For safety reasons, a powerful cable is required;
• The outlet water temperature is affected by its temperature in the water supply system. Especially in winter, the water does not heat up to a hot state, but to a warm state.

One can continue to give more arguments in favor of a flow-through device.

• For example, complete removal from dependence of problems with housing and communal services.
• The money spent will provide the family with hot water at any time of the day.
• Electricity is consumed only when the “hot water” mode is turned on.
• The amount of water when bathing is not limited, as, for example, when using a storage heater, where the volume of the tank becomes the limiter.
• Some models can be installed independently in 30 minutes, without involving a plumber.
• Complete safety of the device. Available strainer, which protects against water hammer.
• The design will save on the mixer.
• The temperature is displayed on the screen and adjusted. This will avoid burns on the body.

Heater models on sale

There are instantaneous water heaters on sale:

• for washing hands - maximum efficiency is achieved at the point of use (sink). Heating of water begins the moment it passes through the structure. Reduces heat loss in standby mode. By optimizing the water flow rate, you can achieve economical fluid consumption.
• for shower – electronic control type, temperature is displayed, water is saved up to 40% with an aerator.
• for the kitchen - with an automatic start and stop system. No need to constantly unplug. By instantly heating the water, heat loss is reduced. The device is compact and does not take up much space.
• for the bathroom - will preserve the aesthetics of the room; it is possible to install it with hidden eyeliner. Interesting and stylish appearance The device will only further decorate the interior of the room. A model with a watering can and a goose tap will cope with all the requirements.

Rating of the best flow-through heaters

It is important to find a device that matches the best price-quality ratio of the product.

The best instantaneous water heaters:

Third place. AEG RMC 75

The device features an easy-to-use control knob. There is a work start indicator on the panel. Maximum power 7.5 kW. The device is protected from overheating. Quite a long service life. Works with unstable water supply.

Second place. CLAGE CEX 9

Simple device control, different high power. Used for daily use. The device is designed for 2 power modes: 6.6 kW and 8.8. The amount of warm water will be enough to wash the dishes and take a shower. The device is protected from scale. A device with a long service life, high performance, medium overall dimensions.

First place. ElectroluxNPX 8 FlowActive is a suitable instantaneous water heater for an apartment.

The device is equipped with an intelligent control system. Water reaches 60 degrees when heated. The numbers are shown on the display. There is a knob that helps you manually adjust the temperature. The components are made of stainless steel. The temperature can be programmed. There are indicator buttons on the panel.

Requirements for installation of the device

• Select a convenient location from the point of view of access to the control panel. Select a place on the wall near the washbasin or shower.
• It is not recommended to hang it on drywall, but if there is no other option, then a “mole” fastening is used.
• Dowels are used for installation on concrete or brick.
• In a room with high humidity, install a device with a degree of protection of at least IPX4.
• For safety reasons, the connection is made only through an RCD. It's important if not additional function– protection: automatic shutdown.
• According to the rules fire safety Install a separate circuit breaker on the device.
• A copper 3-core cable is used and grounding is done.

The main conclusion regarding installation: such a device cannot be simply picked up and plugged into the network. Prepare a special cable, automatic machine. All this is explained by the large electrical load of the device. This is considered by buyers as a disadvantage in operation. And therefore, many sacrifice free space to install a storage water heater.

Flow-through electric heaters are becoming increasingly popular. The heater is installed in dachas, in houses outside the city, in apartments.

Interruptions in the supply of hot water, especially in summer time, happen with enviable consistency. To solve this problem, many are forced to install an autonomous source of hot water supply in their apartment. Quite often our choice is an instantaneous electric water heater. Of course, you need to decide which instantaneous water heater is better and how to choose the right model.

These units are different small in size, low electricity consumption, and in terms of efficiency no worse than storage-type modifications. In such devices, the liquid is instantly heated and you don’t have to worry that when taking a shower from a horn, you will find yourself under a cold stream of water, because the hot water has run out in storage tank.

How does an instantaneous water heater work?

An instantaneous water heater is a plastic or metal casing, inside of which a tubular electric heating element (TEN) is located. The principle of operation of a instantaneous water heater is not complicated: cold water entering the input of the device, coming into contact with the heating element, acquires the desired temperature at the outlet. Energy is consumed only when the device is operating. The best instantaneous water heaters have the following advantages:

• light weight and overall dimensions;
• possibility of placement in any convenient place;
• unlimited amount of heated liquid;
• electricity consumption in interval mode;
• at a small price.

You need to understand that the more often the water heater works similar design, the higher the cost of paying bills. Basically, it depends on the number of people living in the apartment, the location of water intake points, and so on. The best low-power flow heaters used in the country are very economical.

Which is better: an electric water heater or a gas one?

Flowing water heaters, depending on the energy source used, are divided into electric and gas. The operating principle is essentially the same, so you need to choose an energy source. To the question, is it better geyser or an electric water heater, there is no definite answer: each unit has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Price gas fuel below, but for installation gas water heaters equipment required exhaust ventilation with a chimney and compliance with a number of fire safety requirements.

A gas water heater requires special permission from the relevant authorities, which means installation by yourself is prohibited, and a certified specialist is needed.

In addition, the gas water heater requires constant maintenance, and for the unit to function, there must be a constant operating pressure in the gas main. They are large in size, have restrictions on the installation location and burn oxygen.

Instantaneous water heaters, the energy source of which is electric current, are much safer to use. Their installation is not difficult and can be done with your own hands. It should be taken into account that powerful models have increased load on electrical wiring, therefore a safe connection must be provided. These units are compact in size and can be installed in any convenient location.

What is the difference between pressure and non-pressure models?

Non-pressure models are distinguished by the fact that the internal pressure in the system is close to atmospheric. Pressure modifications are always under pressure from the water main fluid. Non-pressure water heaters do not have much power, as a result they heat water poorly and are used mainly as auxiliary devices for hot water supply; they work great in dacha conditions.

Non-pressure models, designed to serve one water intake point, include a shower hose, watering can or tap. Units of this type do not place increased load on electrical network, to which they are connected, so replacing the wiring with a more powerful one in most cases is not required. This is again convenient for a summer residence. Non-pressure models are always installed after a tap or mixer that shuts off the flow of water.

Pressure water heaters are mounted directly into the water supply network and can serve several water intake points simultaneously. Most often they are installed under the sink, hung on the wall or placed behind the door. kitchen furniture. These units can maintain a constant temperature of heated water and automatically turn on when the tap is opened.

Connecting water heaters

Water heaters are connected to engineering communications water supply and electrical energy. However, there are differences in the electrical installation of pressure and non-pressure models, but grounding must be done in any case. Non-pressure water heaters are much easier to connect to a water source.

Pressure units are connected to two water supply lines that supply hot and cold water. In almost any case, it would be correct to arrange the power supply with a separate line, since overloading the existing wiring is unacceptable, and all safety requirements must be observed. Electrical installation of water heaters operated in rooms with high humidity must be performed especially carefully.

Connecting a gravity model to a water source

Installation of a instantaneous water heater always begins with hydraulic installation, because it is necessary to squeeze out the air pockets and fill its body with water. Connecting a free-flow model to a cold water source is not difficult and can be done with your own hands. The device is mounted through a gasket that has dielectric properties and is included with the device.

There must be a mixer or shut-off valve at the heater inlet. This is necessary so that in the container in which the liquid is heated to the required temperature, pressure is not created for which it is not designed.

If a shut-off valve is connected at the outlet of a water heating device, a tank rupture may occur, since the automation that controls the work process does not monitor the pressure of the liquid at the place of its heating, but controls its presence or absence only at the system input.

The hot water coming from the water heater is supplied through a long hose with a shower head or gander. You cannot replace the mixer or spiral hose included with the unit, as they are specially designed for the required heating and economical water consumption. During operation, it is necessary to avoid splashing water on the unit and exposing it to external mechanical influence.

Connecting a pressure water heater to the water supply system

The pressure version of the water heater provides for connection to the water supply through the cut pipeline system. A tee is used, installed up to the nearest pipe branch. In order to be able to turn off the unit during a centralized supply of hot water, liquid supply shut-off valves are installed on the inlet pipes.

In addition, their presence helps to remove the device for repair or replacement without blocking the center line. It is better to install a filter in front of the tee to purify tap water, since its quality in the vast majority of cases can lead to a reduction in the service life of the device.

Electrical installation

Electrical installation of a instantaneous water heater is carried out after it is strengthened in the selected location and the device body is filled with water. Low-power models can be plugged directly into an outlet. If the apartment has electric stove, the cable feeding it is activated.

For some powerful units equipment required three-phase network rated voltage three hundred eighty volts. In all cases, it is necessary to provide for high-quality grounding. In addition, a protective shutdown device is necessary, which interrupts the operation of the unit in the event of a danger of electric shock to a person. Detailed instructions You will find information about connecting an RCD in the article

Control options for water heating devices

The efficiency of their operation largely depends on the quality of control of water heating devices. The following options for implementing this function exist:

• Devices using hydraulic type automation. In this case, a special sensor is located at the input of the system, which controls the appearance of the flow of flowing liquid and turns on the heating element. The disadvantage of this design is that it only connects one level of heating power. In some models it can be changed manually using push-button switching.
• Using an electronic microprocessor. It controls the operation of the heater using control sensors and allows you to maintain the same temperature regime of the heated liquid.

Hydraulic control allows you to increase the temperature of the serviced fluid only by a certain amount. Which one depends on the power of the tubular electric heating element. It is believed that the inlet water temperature varies from twenty to twenty-five degrees.

It turns out that in summer the hydraulic control allows you to provide hot water supply, but in winter the unit may not be able to cope with heating water that is too cold.

Electronic control allows you to maintain the set temperature of the heated liquid regardless of the time of year. Such units are much more expensive and have greater power; as a result, they require a separate connection line and the mandatory installation of a residual current device.

Determining the required power of an instantaneous water heater

The power of an instantaneous water heater is its most important operational parameter. It determines the amount of hot water heated by the unit over a certain period of time. The low-power unit can heat about five liters of water within a minute, which is enough for cooking dinner or taking a shower.

The power of an instantaneous water heater required to satisfy the need for hot water can be simplified by dividing this parameter by half. The result obtained will show quite accurately how many liters of liquid, the temperature of which will increase by approximately thirty degrees, will be consumed in a minute time interval. For example, an eighteen-kilowatt unit will provide nine liters of hot water per minute.

Having determined the daily consumption of hot water depending on the number of people living in the apartment, you can easily calculate required power instantaneous water heater. It increases approximately one and a half times if a bath is taken instead of a shower, and there are many water intake points.

In practice, when using a non-pressure water heater with a tap, a power of 3.5 kW is sufficient. If you need to heat water only for a shower, choose a 5 kW device. In case of possible use of a shower and a tap at the same time, it is better to purchase a 7 kW water heater.

Estimation of possible water consumption

Possible water consumption is estimated depending on the size of the family living in the apartment, the presence or absence of a bathroom, and so on. What will it be like average consumption water for an average family of three? Let's try to figure it out.

When taking a shower, an adult man spends approximately fifteen liters of hot water, a woman on average ten liters more. Adding here morning hygiene procedures, washing dishes and hands, we get that a family of three will use about one hundred liters of water. At the same time, thirty liters will be enough for one person.

Real offer on store shelves

In the modern market there is huge variety modifications of instantaneous water heaters, both pressure and non-pressure. Actual offers of pressure models can be compared using the table below.

When choosing a specific device for a house or apartment, it is necessary to take into account the totality of all operating parameters. Most important part An instantaneous water heater is a tubular electric heating element. For long-term trouble-free operation of the unit, high-quality protection of this part from direct contact with the heated liquid is necessary. Other structural elements in contact with water must be made of brass, copper or stainless steel.

During operation, the body of an instantaneous water heater is exposed to high temperatures, aggressive chemical components as part of the liquid flowing through it, therefore it is made from chemically and mechanically durable material. Materials such as copper and polypropylene have proven themselves well; the cases made from them differ for a long time services.

An important factor is the ease of use of the unit for all family members. It is very important to ensure safe operation; you need to choose a device with an overheating protection function and equip it with a filter for water purification. It would be useful to have a power-on indication, a display that displays the temperature of the heated liquid.

Currently, instantaneous water heaters are available to everyone greater distribution for organizing both temporary and permanent hot water supply in residential premises of various sizes. With the right choice of this equipment, taking into account small initial costs and economical ongoing costs, all family members living in the apartment will be provided with required quantity hot water at the required temperature. Below is a video in which you can get acquainted with the opinion of a professional seller on the issue under discussion.