Original and functional houses made from shipping containers: destroying myths about container housing. Container house

Many people know that shipping containers can be used to make warehouses, garages or sheds. But the fact that they can be used to build real multi-room and even multi-story comfortable housing will probably be news to someone.

However, this type of construction has long become popular in Europe and the USA, and more recently, container houses, also called modular, are beginning to be in demand in Russia, as they solve the problem of building budget housing on summer cottage.

Residential buildings made from containers

By building a house from containers (which you can do with your own hands), you can get a spacious, protected and completely habitable country house for little money.

Sea containers of 20 and 40 feet are quite inexpensive, especially if we are talking about used products, and for this money the buyer purchases ready-made enclosing structures with a roof and plywood floor. At the same time, houses made from shipping containers do not need a powerful foundation; a columnar foundation is sufficient for them.

And if the housing is built from several containers, additional space will be created in it due to their spacing. In addition, such construction creates large field activities to implement creative ideas for home decoration.

Stages of building a house from shipping containers:

Purchase of container(s).
Creating a project for a future home, taking into account the passage of all communications.
Laying the foundation.
Anti-corrosion treatment of the container.
Installing the container on the foundation. In the case of using several containers - welding them.
External and internal finishing.

House projects

If it seems that a house made from a container will look extremely unesthetically pleasing, then this is not the case, and numerous projects of houses made from containers are proof of this. For example, from an ordinary 40-foot shipping container you can make a neat and nice guest house on your summer cottage. It is enough just to cut out sections in it and insert stained glass windows there and sliding doors, equip a small shed, and decorate the inside of the house with wooden panels, decorating everything else at your discretion.

One more interesting project is a house made of painted containers: several containers stacked on top of each other and/or arranged to fit a given width of the house need to be painted in bright colors(each in a separate color) and provide bright lighting. You can further expand the space of your home using a system of retractable doors.

The final result of the house project made from 5 containers is impressive - it turns out to be very spacious, comfortable, and has a usable roof. The exterior style of the containers is softened by the use of bright paint and modern furnishings.

The Anti Patio House project allows you to place a house made of shipping containers on a hillside, i.e. take full advantage of seemingly unfavorable environmental conditions. The building consists of three 40- foot containers, installed in two levels. On the ground floor there is a large living room and kitchen, the entire second floor is occupied by a bedroom. This arrangement of space creates natural ventilation.

Interesting and Vacation home of two containers standing separately from each other, one of which is intended for a studio room and a garage, and the second for residential buildings. Both “buildings” are united by one roof, which also acts as a canopy over the space between them. Facade finished house lined with wooden siding, which allows you to successfully fit the project into wildlife, A panoramic windows make the entire structure airy.

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There are many options for buildings made from containers, among which everyone can find something suitable for themselves or get ideas for individual project house like this:

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Modular container buildings

IN modern world Modular buildings made from modular containers, which are very quickly constructed and are durable and highly functional, are becoming increasingly popular.

Modular containers today are used for the construction of office buildings, hotels, shops, residential buildings of any size and shape (although two-story buildings are most often built). Construction of block containers is carried out on a metal frame made of pipes, which makes finished building especially reliable and durable, and from several 20 and 40 foot containers.

In such buildings it is easy to carry out all the necessary communications and, moreover, they can be disassembled and transported to a new place of residence, where the blocks can be assembled in a new way, changing the location of windows and doors. The outside of houses made from block containers can be covered with siding and decorated.

A container house is a practical, fast, cost-effective and reliable structure. Modern technologies allow the construction of buildings from cargo containers. And it doesn’t matter at all what kind of containers the construction will be made of: sea or railway. Both of them tolerate aggressive influences well. external environment, have a very durable structural part and can be used to construct buildings with your own hands.

Container house - simple and original design

Using two shipping containers will allow you to build a house from 60 m2 to 120, depending on the project. For example, 40-foot containers installed opposite each other can be connected with stained glass windows and covered with a common roof.

Small container house

From one 40ft container you can make a luxurious extension, convenient utility room, housing for the temporary stay of daily wage workers, equip a workshop or storage facility. Houses built using this technology have great seismic resistance, so it is possible to build such a house in earthquake-prone areas.

Types of projects

“Container” projects are diverse, there are a huge number of them. Therefore, seeing modular buildings made from block containers in person or in photographs is not difficult. This kind of construction is very popular not only in Russia, but also abroad.

Unfortunately, projects for this type of building are extremely individual. Typical projects not found in the public domain.

However, like any construction, a house made of containers requires mandatory calculation of loads, foundations, strength - in a word, it is necessary to create design and estimate documentation.

Container house plan

You should not treat the need for a project as something negative, cumbersome and unnecessary. After all, not only the strength and reliability of the structure depend on what the building design will be, since it is this package of documentation that determines appearance, convenient location of rooms and rational use of space.

You can build such a house with your own hands, but to create a project, you need to contact a special organization. Professional engineers will calculate every little detail, determine not only the scope of work, but also correctly calculate the loads, create a spectacular appearance, and indicate the necessary Construction Materials and calculate their number.

The house for the construction of which the project is being prepared is always beautiful, reliable, safe, comfortable, and does not threaten to collapse. Built in compliance with all the designers' recommendations, it will for a long time serve faithfully.

Original design of a house made from shipping containers

Projects drawn up by architects and designers, as well as the buildings built on them, are always individual and unusual. These can be houses of two or more floors, built in the form of a cascade, steps, or chaos. The project may involve combined construction when, along with the use of sea containers, railway containers and other structures are used.

Construction Features

Freight, most often 40-foot, containers for rail or sea transportation are a ready-made and reliable skeleton of a future building. This ready-made modules from metal structures made in a factory.

The construction of buildings and structures from containers is much faster than structures made by any other method.

The apparent simplicity of constructing residential buildings according to projects attracts those who are accustomed to working with their own hands. But, it should be remembered that the construction of buildings from sea and railway containers is a serious and responsible undertaking that requires certain skills and knowledge.

House made from sea or railway containers

Therefore, to build such a country house or residential house from containers, it is best to invite specialists. Many construction companies offer, among other works, the construction of buildings from 40-foot cargo containers.

These companies have experienced welders, concrete workers, and roofers on their staff. Therefore, modular buildings from block containers, regardless of the number of floors, total area, intended use, will be built efficiently and quickly.

But all further work on internal and exterior decoration You can make it yourself at home.

Stages of construction of the structural part

If you nevertheless decide to build a house with your own hands, without involving a contractor, then you need to take into account that the construction of structures will take time and will require the use of special equipment and the ability to handle welding and other construction tools. To weld metal structures, it is necessary to use only high-quality domestic electrodes, since Chinese-made electrodes are not suitable for such construction.

Foundation. Construction work begins with the construction of the foundation. Because if you place the container directly on the ground, it will settle and the house will freeze. Therefore, first of all, you need to dig a pit of size and depth in accordance with the requirements of the project. In most cases, a strip foundation is sufficient, but in some regions it is impossible to do without piles. The last requirement applies to regions with weak, marshy soils. In order to dig a pit you will need an excavator accompanied trucks for soil removal. During concrete work, it is necessary to leave outlets from the reinforcement to connect the foundation to the container.

Simplify concrete works You can pour the foundation yourself by ordering a ready-made concrete mixture. In this case, it is enough to mount the reinforcement cage in accordance with the drawings, install the formwork and pour the mortar.

Fresh concrete must be compacted using special deep vibration tools. You can move on to the next stage only after the concrete has finally matured, that is, no earlier than 22 days after it is poured. The dimensions of the foundation depend on what containers will be used, since the dimensions of sea and railway containers differ significantly. In addition, they are produced in different versions, including: 20 and 40 feet. When designing foundations, the number of modular blocks from which the house will be built is taken into account. Accordingly, there is a difference in the size and design of the foundations for two, three or more blocks. To build multi-storey structures from sea or railway containers, more powerful, reinforced foundations will be required.

Installing the container on the foundation

Structural part. The next stage is the installation of containers on the existing foundation. You can’t do without special equipment here. Since both sea and railway containers have significant weight, you will definitely need a truck crane. Therefore, when building a house with your own hands, you should take care of this in advance. Special equipment, especially during the season, is in great demand. After the modules are installed, they should be tied and welded, fastening them to the foundation and to each other. Next, everything is produced necessary work on the construction of internal, interior walls. This could be as simple as installing gypsum plasterboard partitions, which you can easily install yourself. But, most often, before installing them, the corrugated sheet from which the walls of the containers found inside the new building are made is removed or trimmed. At the same stage, holes for windows and doors are cut. If both sea and rail containers are used for construction at the same time, the difference in size should be taken into account. Combining 40 and 20 foot containers allows you to create an unusual, individual design.

Roofing device

It's also enough complex look activities. Despite the fact that sea and railway containers already have a ceiling, it will not replace the roof. It is done in the same way as in conventional construction.

Container house with roof

It is unlikely that you will be able to do this part of the work yourself. Therefore, it is best to invite a contractor who will perform all the work efficiently and in accordance with the project.

Containers can withstand a lot of weight, so even buildings of two or three floors can be covered with any type of roofing material, including heavy shingles.

Insulation and finishing of facades

Insulation of a living space built from containers is carried out in the same way as in construction ordinary houses. Having arranged the sheathing along the walls and on the upper outer part of the ceiling, you need to lay insulation. This can be glass wool, mineral board, polyurethane, penoplex, polystyrene foam, on top of which work is carried out on exterior decoration building. You can do this work yourself, without the involvement of contractors.

To finish the facades of such houses, special panels are used, decorative brick, natural stone tiles, as well as conventional painting and Munich-type plasters. For coloring, special facade paints resistant to sudden changes temperatures and sun rays, as well as withstanding frost and plenty of moisture.

The decoration of the facade can be varied depending on the style and imagination

Interior decoration

The interior decoration of container houses usually begins with covering the external enclosing structures with sheets of plasterboard, plywood or USB panels. It is best to attach them to metal carcass from a rigid profile, since wooden structure will be mobile due to the constant change in the percentage of moisture in it. In order to insulate the house from the inside before covering the external walls, it is best to cover them with isocork. Material made from natural wood cork is an excellent antiseptic, resistant to the formation of various biological microorganisms, whose appearance is associated with the formation of condensation.

After covering the walls, the ceiling is finished. As the simplest option wooden ceiling The container can simply be painted and varnished. But plastering and gesso are the least suitable for it. Firstly, because the existing floor, as a rule, is perfectly smooth, and secondly, the emulsion and gesso will constantly crack due to changes in the percentage of moisture in the wood. Therefore, it is best to use suspended or suspended ceilings made of plasterboard, Armstrong or MDF panels. At the same time, suspended ceilings will maintain the ceiling height as much as possible, lowering its level by no more than two to three centimeters.

Interior of a container house

After installing the ceilings, you can return to finishing the walls. Since they are no different from the walls of any other house, the decoration is determined solely by the taste of the residents. Technologically, you can use any materials: wallpaper, paint, decorative plasters and so on.

Floors also require minimal finishing. Because the wood flooring treated with various antiseptic and fire-fighting agents, it is better not to dismantle it, but to leave it as a base.

Wooden flooring can be covered with any material - from linoleum to parquet. Laying ceramic tiles will need to be done not with a regular tile adhesive solution, but with a special glue - “liquid nails”, the instructions for which involve gluing wooden and ceramic surfaces.

Application in industrial and civil engineering

Construction of buildings from containers intended for freight transportation across railway or the sea, in the 21st century has ceased to be the prerogative of private construction. An increasing number of countries are introducing this type of structural part into industrial and civil engineering. This technology has already been used to build shopping complexes, multi-storey residential buildings and even child care facilities. In Finland, the issue of constructing an entire residential complex from containers, including a large number of multi-storey buildings, is being considered.

Project to build apartment buildings from shipping containers in Detroit

In Detroit, Steven C. Flum, Inc. has already started construction of a 20-apartment building from used containers. In addition to other advantages directly related to the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of construction, this type of construction is considered an environmentally friendly project that saves natural resources.

This is due to the fact that it is not profitable to send arriving containers back, and the issue of their disposal is quite acute. Therefore, the construction of small and medium-sized repair shops, residential complexes, snack bars and restaurants, shopping malls and entertainment buildings from them is an excellent solution recyclable containers, which does not require an expensive disposal process.

Finland is also interested in construction of this kind. According to the government, this will help solve the housing shortage. The small area of the apartments and their relatively low cost will make housing affordable for young people who are in dire need of it. Such a house should appear in the city of Vantaa in 2016. It will have from 50 to 100 apartments, each from 14 to 28 m2.

In Buenos Aires (Argentina) they built a shopping complex of 57 modules, brightly colored, with a roof made of solar panels, they provide the opportunity for restaurants, offices, and shopping boutiques to operate. There is also even a gallery and a cafe with huge stained glass windows.

A unique shopping street has been created in London; 61 shipping containers were used for its construction. There's more to Boxpark Shoreditch than just walking. There are places to relax, sanitary stations, cafes and even a small park with beautiful well-groomed trees.

The construction of buildings from modules is also gaining momentum in the CIS. In Kazakhstan, for example, this method is widely used to create boutiques in markets where a warehouse is located on the second floor.

Auxiliary mobile premises

Convenient to build modular houses to create living conditions for shift workers. Prefabricated dormitories are easily dismantled and transported from one facility to another.

Container cafes: easy to install, dismantle and transport

The containers house canteens, baths and sanitary stations. Besides, in winter period when work is on outdoors is difficult, some of the work performed can be transferred to modular workshops.

Installation of furnace equipment and external insulation make it possible to use structures made from containers all year round. The ability to install one container onto another without problems or loss of strength ensures maximum efficiency of use land plots. If necessary, containers installed in a row, in addition to their main purpose, can form temporary fencing territories.

Construction of a small country house from a used container bought on the cheap attracts many owners suburban areas. After all, you can find a “roof over your head” in a matter of days. The purchased container only needs to be brought to the dacha and installed in the space allocated for the house, using loading and unloading equipment. It will take a little more time if the summer resident wants to insulate and decorate the container house. In this case, you will get not just temporary housing, but a full-fledged country house with all the amenities.

There are many options for dividing the total area of the container into functional areas, from which the most suitable layout is selected, taking into account the number of residents and seasonality of use country house, design preferences and other considerations known only to you.

Using modern Decoration Materials, you can change the appearance of an ordinary cargo container beyond recognition. No one will think that the cozy country house was made from a decommissioned 40-tonne truck. You can significantly increase the usable area of the object by building a country house from several containers placed close to each other or at an angle, as well as on two floors. In the latter case, it is also possible to create a carport and an open terrace for relaxation due to the displacement top container several meters to the side relative to the lower block.

With the help of the life-affirming coloring of the container, we managed to get a cheerful country house, complemented by wooden terrace and a canopy

Standard sizes of cargo containers

For the construction of country houses from all existing types of container containers, universal large-capacity containers are usually used:

20-foot (dry freight);
40-foot (dry freight or high cube);
45-foot (dry freight or high cube).

Standard high cube containers differ from conventional dry freight modules in their increased height and greater capacity. To make the ceilings in the house higher, it is better to purchase containers of this type.

It should be noted that the width of all types of containers is the same and is 2350 mm. The length of the 20-foot module is 5898 mm, and the 40-foot module is 12032 mm. The height of both containers is 2393 mm. For the High Cube container, this parameter is 300 mm larger. The dimensions of the 45-foot module are several millimeters larger than the dimensions of the 40-foot module.

An interesting project for a two-story country house, built from several containers, with an open terrace on one of the modules

Design features of large-capacity containers

A country house built from a container will not be accessible to lovers of other people's property who constantly visit the territory of garden societies. After all, the design of the container is not only simple, but also reliable.

Rigid frame

It is based on durable frame, welded from steel beams. The lower base of the frame are longitudinal and cross beams, to which side ribs are welded at the corners. The upper plane, forming the roof of the container, is also defined by transverse and longitudinal load-bearing beams.

Steel plating

The lining of the cargo modules is made of anti-corrosion steel sheets with corrugated profiles, made of high-quality alloy steel COR-TEN steel.

The thickness of the galvanized walls of the container varies from 1.5 to 2.0 mm, so the structure is strong and quite rigid. Qualitative paintwork, applied to the walls of the container along the entire perimeter, reliably protect the metal from negative impact environment and corrosion processes.

Plywood floor finishing

Pressed plywood, the thickness of which reaches 40 mm, is most often used as a floor in large-capacity containers. This material is additionally impregnated special composition, preventing the development of fungi and mold.

The use of plywood and other types of lumber for flooring provides:

resistance of the wooden base to mechanical damage;
good elasticity of the material;
maintainability and easy replacement of flooring;
high coefficient of friction when transporting goods.

When finishing the floor in a container adapted for a country house, a thin concrete screed is often poured over the existing base, into which the electric heating system is hidden.

Swing doors

Standard containers are equipped with swing doors, which are hung on strong hinges. The doors are opened using special handles that activate the locking mechanisms. To seal the doorway around the entire perimeter, a rubber seal is used.

The hinged doors of the containers are welded shut, while the entrance to the house is provided through glass sliding doors built into panoramic glazing walls

Requirements for foundation construction

Despite the large dimensions, the containers weigh very little. The weight of a 20-foot module is 2200 kg, and that of a 45-foot module is 4590 kg. Therefore, under such a lightweight structure there is no need to build a powerful strip foundation with harness.

It is enough to place the container house on piles, the length of which depends on the type of soil and depth groundwater, complexity of the terrain, the likelihood of flooding the area during the spring flood and other factors characteristic of the region. The foundation can be:

regular blocks;
reinforced concrete support pillars;
screw piles;
TISE piles with an extension at the bottom in the form of a sole;
rubble concrete pillars poured into formwork;
pipes large diameter and etc.

TO reinforcement cage Each foundation pillar must be welded to a steel support pad. This platform is needed in order to firmly weld the container itself to it. This will protect the country house from thieves who could steal the entire structure for the purpose of its further use or resale.

Installing a used container on pile foundation carried out with special care using special lifting equipment

Country house made from a standard six-meter frame

Thermal insulation: inside or outside?

You can only insulate a metal container from the outside if you intend to operate your country house for a period of time. all year round. In this case, the container will not freeze, which means that condensation will not form on the internal walls of the house. If you want to use your country house primarily for summer time, and in winter you visit on occasion, then it is necessary to perform thermal insulation from the inside.

In what order should the work be performed? And like this:

First, cut out all window and door openings in accordance with the container modernization project, as well as openings for ventilation and chimney pipes.
Weld spot-weld square pipes on both sides of each cut opening to the sheathing, which will run from floor to ceiling. Weld horizontal pipes to them with a continuous seam, running above and below the opening. This way you will restore the structural strength of the container wall, weakened by breaking the continuity of the stiffeners.
Weld the hinged doors of the container and clean its surface from traces of rust, if any.
Make a vertical sheathing from wooden blocks 5-10 cm thick, which will serve as a beacon when spraying polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam, which fills the profiles in the walls of the container well.
Spray the insulation and cut off its excess along the exposed beacon bars.
Insulate the ceiling in the same way.
Then tighten the walls and ceiling of the container with a vapor barrier membrane, targeting it to the sheathing bars with a construction stapler.
Carry out the final finishing using lining, gypsum board, particle boards, PVC panels and other materials.
Insulate the floor using the same spraying or polystyrene foam boards. It is also not forbidden to fill the screed from lightweight concrete. It is undesirable to use mineral wool as floor insulation, which, when exposed to water, retains moisture for a long time, which can cause rusting of the bottom of the container, as well as the formation of mold and mildew.

It should also be noted that when installing a fireplace, stove, or installing chimneys, it is necessary to use 5-10 centimeter basalt wool to isolate areas of possible contact with hot surfaces.

Material about arrangement will also be useful summer kitchen at the dacha with your own hands:

Spraying of insulation onto the walls and ceiling of the container is carried out wearing a protective mask and special disposable work clothes

Construction of a country house from several containers

A country house built from several containers turns out to be much larger and more interesting. You can arrange the modules relative to each other different ways, receiving open terraces, small courtyards, carports, recreation and privacy areas, guest rooms. In this case, the foundation is also piles, which can be purchased ready-made or cast using disposable cardboard cylindrical formwork. Installation of piles in an area with complex terrain is carried out taking into account the need to level them to a single level. The pile installation step is 3 meters.

Directly under the bathroom, an insulated basement room is built from concrete, which houses a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator, filters for purifying water from a well, as well as others. important elements autonomous system water supply for a country house.

About the features of a water supply device from a well:

A low gable roof is erected over all containers, which allows the individual modules to be perceived as a single ensemble. Besides decorative effect such a roof contributes to additional heat and waterproofing of the under-roof space of the house.

Natural lighting inside the country house is provided not only through panoramic windows installed in the walls of the container, but also through skylights mounted on the ceiling with access to the roof through light wells. These windows also allow for ventilation internal space country house.

To heat a country house made from several containers, it is better to use the “Warm Floor” system. The heating cable is laid in a spiral throughout the house and covered with screed. It is advisable to first place foiled polyethylene foam under the cable, protected with lavsan. This will reduce the amount of heat loss through the floor metal container. When pouring the screed, it is necessary to ensure the presence expansion joints, preventing its surface from cracking during temperature fluctuations. The resulting concrete floor can subsequently be sanded, painted and varnished.

To create a common space, openings of varying widths are cut into the walls of adjacent containers, using posts and I-beams to strengthen the structure. The walls of the containers are lined with metal guides for spraying insulation - polyurethane foam. Before spraying the insulation, the wiring is laid according to a selective circuit using an RCD. It is necessary to provide for the presence between all metal parts home common bus and grounding.

Partitions inside a container house are installed from metal profiles, to which gypsum board or plasterboard is screwed. The seams between the sheets of gypsum board are glued with sickle tape, which holds the applied non-shrink putty solution well. Container walls are lined plasterboard sheets, which will then be plastered and painted in bright hues, allowing you to visually expand the living space.

Slats are sewn onto the ceiling of the containers, and then wiring is laid to organize artificial lighting country house. To decorate the ceiling space we use wood in natural tones that contrast well with light walls house and visually increasing the height of the ceilings.

We paint the outer walls of the containers in one or several matching colors, but do not skimp on paint, otherwise in three years you will have to admire the peeling facade of the country house. It is better to use high-quality marine enamel paint for this purpose. Here's how easy it is to build a house out of several containers with your own hands.

Large country house made from several containers painted in different colors contrasting colors, occupies part of the site, forming a cozy courtyard

There are usually steps or a ramp leading to the doors of such a house, which can be easily cleared of snow in winter. From a small container you can make a utility room in which all your country and garden equipment will be stored.

Interesting too! How to build a frame country house:

In the photographs posted in the article, you can see that a country house made from containers turns out to be beautiful and functional. If the outside of such a house is like a tree, then it will hardly be possible to distinguish it from other dacha buildings. At the same time, it will take you much less time and money to build a house.

It is not possible to build a house today special labor. For this purpose, there are a lot of special materials that are quite practical in use and operation and are endowed with certain technical and quality characteristics. Despite this, now you can often find marine fish. This building is distinguished by its originality and extraordinary functionality.

Characteristics of sea containers

As a rule, these structures are used to transport any cargo on ships. Now you can build houses from shipping containers. Their photos are quite varied, as are the designs.

So, such designs are based on profile pipes with parameters:

The frame itself is mounted on metal channels or I-beams. It is for this reason that containers have a high level of strength and reliability. Metal sheets are used as coating. As a rule, they are corrugated. Their thickness can be 2 or 3 mm. In some cases, this parameter for metal sheets is also 4 or 5 mm.

Note. Due to the fact that the structure is made of durable and reliable material, a house made from a sea container will have similar characteristics.

Parameters and shapes of sea containers

At the moment there are two forms of such structures:

square;

rectangular.

Their sizes are varied. Square designs have a length:

The width is 2 or 3 m. Rectangular containers are 12 m long and the width is similar.

Thanks to these dimensions, building a house from shipping containers is quick and easy. For this purpose, its project is initially developed.

Types of houses based on such structures

At the moment, a sea container house can be:

one-story;

two-story.

It is also worth considering that the houses of their shipping containers can have not only rectilinear and standard shapes. You can create modern architectural creations that are unique in your style.

There are also modular homes made from shipping containers. What it is? The container itself is a separate module. Accordingly, modular houses are buildings made from several containers that are securely fastened together and are finished.

Construction cost

At the moment, not every person who owns a country plot can build a house on it from modern materials. This is due only to their cost, which many of us cannot afford.

Why are houses made from shipping containers so popular? All this is due to the cost of funds for their construction. Firstly, the price of a container varies between 5-7 thousand US dollars. And for a functional full-fledged home, you may need up to 2 pieces of such structures. Secondly, container delivery is quick and easy. Its cost reaches 80 thousand rubles. Buying them is also not difficult.

In the future it will also not be expensive, since there is a lot modern means, which can be used on a metal surface.

Stages of building a house from containers

Initially, you need to decide on the quantity needed. Sometimes one design of this type may be enough, and in some cases you can use several.

Important. You must first treat the containers with anti-corrosion treatment.

For this purpose, special products are used that are applied to the surface. metal structure. All this helps protect the future home from various influences.

Building a house from shipping containers involves performing certain stages of work:

project development;

foundation construction;

fastening of containers;

strengthening of load-bearing structures;

insulation of the building;

external and internal finishing.

All this will require a minimum of effort and time.

Drawing up a building project

Projects for houses made from sea containers can be anything. You can draw up a building plan yourself or seek help from professional architects. Although there is no difficulty in doing everything yourself. The most important thing is to take into account the functional rooms:

living room;

kitchen area;
sanitary rooms;
utility rooms.

Moreover, their sizes directly depend only on the number of containers used in construction. There may be two or three bedrooms. Their number is based on the number of people living in the house.

Foundation for a house

It is worth noting that a house made from a sea container has quite a large mass, and here it is impossible to do without building a fairly strong and reliable foundation. As a rule, in most cases a monolithic foundation is made.

For this you will need:

cement grade 400;

Advice. To increase the hardening time of the base, you can use special hardeners or other appropriate additives.

First, wooden formwork is constructed around the perimeter of the future building, which will be needed for pouring the concrete solution. Reinforcing mesh is also made and placed in the formwork. The solution is mixed in a concrete mixer until a homogeneous mass is formed.

Note. You should not immediately pour all the components of the concrete solution into the mixing container. Everything needs to be done gradually during the kneading process.

Container fastening

In such work, special or simple pipes are used. They are mounted both inside and on the external surface of the structure. First, walls in containers that are not needed in space planning are removed.

It is also worth considering that the entire structure needs to be strengthened if it contains more than one floor. For this purpose, use channels or big size and a wall thickness of at least 2 mm, which are fixed to load-bearing walls.

Advice. Such work is also carried out inside and outside the future building.

At the same time, windows and doors are cut. This can be done using a grinder. All cut edges are treated with special means.

Insulation of the building

As a rule, any structure requires special insulation and insulation. This only has a positive effect on the indoor microclimate. In some cases, such work is not necessary. If a residential building is being built from sea containers, then insulation and insulation work is recommended.

All this is due to the fact that metal is an excellent conductor of sounds. That is, if the walls of the building are not insulated from such influence, then it will be impossible to stay in it during rain. In addition, metal is considered a cold material, and even with an optimally selected home heating system, the rooms will still be cool. Moreover, the metal heats up well when exposed to sunlight.

Advice. In addition to internal and external insulation, experts recommend that you first consider the ventilation system of the entire building.

Used to insulate the entire structure:

mineral wool;

Styrofoam;

polyurethane foam.

The first remedy may lose its effectiveness over time specifications. As a rule, its service life is no more than 10 years. Another thing is polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam. This sheet materials, which are quite easy to install due to the density of their structure. Also, their service life is at least 20 years. In addition, they are used not only for insulation, but also for insulating the structure, unlike mineral wool.

Any of these products are attached to special glue or plastic pins. They are pre-screwed into the walls of the container. A polyethylene film is laid over the materials.

External and internal finishing

A number of preparatory works must be carried out on the surface beforehand. In addition to insulation, they also construct a sheathing made of wood or metal. Sheets of plywood or OSB will be mounted on it for further finishing.

In external design works the following is used:

natural or artificial stone;

decorative plaster;

block house;

Sometimes houses made from shipping containers amaze with their originality. Photos of some of them can be seen in the article.

Each of the above materials has excellent quality characteristics. They are easy and simple to install. Only in this case certain technologies are used.

Natural and decorative stone is attached to a primed surface using concrete mortar or a special adhesive. Plaster is applied with spatulas different sizes on a flat surface. As a rule, it has an original structure after drying, and it can be processed sandpaper no need.

The block house, siding and plastic are mounted on a wooden sheathing, which is treated with varnish to protect the wood structure. Special screws, guides and other auxiliary tools are used in the work.

In interior decoration, work is carried out similarly to exterior. Initially, a flat surface is created and only then it is mounted on it. finishing agents. Only instead of plywood and OSB, you can use plasterboard, which can be perfectly coated with wallpaper, plaster, paint, and so on. It is worth considering that the ceiling height in a house made from sea containers will be no more than 2.4 m. This means that there is no need to use multi-level ceiling structures in surface finishing. It is better to opt for simple installation of plasterboard sheets or to make suspended ceilings, which will be much cheaper in cost than plasterboard ones and easier to install. Moreover, there are various options for surface design using them.

Added: 04/23/2015

Modern houses are built not only from brick, wood and slabs; sometimes they use shipping containers, which are both durable and affordable. How to build a house from such material and what you need to know to do it - this article is devoted to this topic.

Where to start construction?

Anyone can build a house from containers with their own hands. The construction time for such a house is reduced significantly compared to traditional construction methods, and the savings are significant.

Procedure for building a house from a container

Organizations around the world have long been building houses using shipping containers as building materials. They position such buildings as safe and environmentally friendly, and also describe the construction technology in detail.

The height of the High Cube container is 2,698 mm. Building an inexpensive country house from containers is not difficult. Buy one or two blocks. Place two containers side by side or at an angle to each other, such as an L or T, or stacked on top of each other. The facade will be more complex and interesting if the two containers are moved relative to each other.

Or you can move the containers apart, creating a spacious living room with maximum glazing between them. In one of the blocks there are two bedrooms, and in the other, opposite, there is a kitchen and a bathroom. Combine the entire structure pitched roof, while the height of the ceilings in the living room area will be higher due to the roof slopes.

If your family consists of several generations, and you like to get together at the dacha, then a dacha house made of containers can consist of two or three, installed in a circle, united in the center by a covered terrace, where they will take place family dinners and various holidays. The glazed ceiling in the form of a dome will resemble a tent and will protect from bad weather. Build pergolas between the block containers and plant climbing plants. Vertical gardening will give the entire structure elegance.

Due to the fact that the weight of the containers is only 2.3 - 4.0 tons, the load on the foundation is not great. A columnar foundation is suitable for a container house. By the way, this is the most acceptable option for building a house on heaving soils.

If you plan to live in the house permanently, then the walls must be insulated. Any insulation can be done thermal insulation material. You can always simply paint your container with metal paint in a rich, bright or discreet color using a spray gun, or paint the facade. Interior decoration depends on your taste and preferences.

The walls can be covered with plasterboard or clapboard. But avoid dark shades, since the dimensions of the rooms are not large. White color and light pastel shades will visually expand the space. In order to expand the space, designers often use mirrors in interior decoration.

Use already known techniques, create a pleasant, cozy atmosphere of a country home, then your stay at the dacha will be pleasant and desirable. The design of the container is quite rigid, this allows you to cut windows in the walls where necessary. One of the end walls can be made completely glazed.

How to start building a container house?

Before starting to build a building from containers, we clean the “building blocks”. Here it is better to use a sandblaster. After this, it is necessary to treat the container with a primer. Next, you need to install ordinary shipping containers so that a house appears. In this case, you can create a one-story or two-story structure of any shape. I would like to note: container houses that are higher than two floors are a bad idea for building with your own hands.

When will the collection end? general design, you need to mark future windows, doors, as well as technical, sewer and water supply openings. Later, all these holes must be cut out. We solder the external walls, after which we begin the installation of the ceiling and internal walls, during which we need to use steel racks.

Next, various systems (electrical, plumbing) are installed and insulation work is carried out. The inside walls are also reinforced with plasterboard, while the outside walls are reinforced with a shell with thermal insulation, sound insulation and waterproofing.

Such houses are not inferior in their equipment, exterior and interior to brick or any other ones, it is fast and profitable, see for yourself by looking at the photos of such houses.

What else is convenient for a country house made of containers?

One of the walls of the box can be folding. When closed, the entire wall glazing of the house protects from vandals, and when folded back it serves as a terrace. The floor of the terrace is covered with boards. Portable garden furniture can be installed on the terrace.

Due to large area glazing, your home will seem to merge with the surrounding nature, and the house will be filled with light and fresh air. The terrace can also be attached, covered with a common roof with the house. At competent finishing, a house made from containers will be difficult to distinguish from a building made from conventional materials if the appearance of cargo boxes is not very pleasant to you.

From containers you can build a fairly large one, comfortable home. True, there are not very many such daredevils in our country yet. The mentality of our people makes it difficult to move away from the prevailing stereotypes that a residential building is a solid building made of wood, stone or concrete, although at all times there were “Kulibins” who were not afraid of experiments. And if you decide to move away from the prevailing stereotypes in the field of house construction, save on construction, and surprise your friends, then this option for a residential building is quite suitable for you. Go for it!

Undeniable advantages

Containers have precise geometric dimensions: the walls in a house constructed from such “cubes” will be vertical, and the ceilings will be strictly horizontal. At relatively large sizes they don’t weigh that much: each one is from 2 to 4 tons, which means you don’t need a foundation that can withstand increased loads.

Due to the fact that containers have a rigid spatial structure, the house can be installed on simple piles without beams or slabs to distribute the load. The frame design also gives freedom to arrange individual modules, allowing you to achieve interesting architectural solutions buildings, including multi-storey ones.

The walls of the container are very durable: you can cut a technological opening in any in the right place, and besides, it will be very difficult to enter such a house during your absence. If necessary, such a structure can be relatively easily relocated to a new location. And the cost of its assembly will be lower than construction traditional version the same area. The world's largest residential complex of 1,000 containers, Kitvonen, was built in Amsterdam in 2006 as a student town.

As building modules for residential buildings, they are not without a number of disadvantages. They can only be installed where a construction crane and a container trailer can reach it. The steel body conducts both heat and cold well, and when such walls are heated, the paint releases solvent vapors. Inside the container house you will need good ventilation, since its walls will be completely sealed.

Transformation into a home

After the containers are brought to the site and installed on the prepared base, openings are cut in the walls for windows and doors. You can also remove common walls adjacent blocks to create open space(sometimes in such cases containers have to be strengthened with additional channels).

Guides for internal cladding are installed along the walls and ceiling. The walls are insulated with sprayed polyurethane foam, or, which is better for fire safety, installation of mineral wool slabs. The inside is sheathed with plywood or plasterboard sheets. Smooth and durable flooring made of special moisture-resistant (bakelized) plywood allows installation under concrete screed underfloor heating system.

Houses made from containers have been appreciated not only by residents of developing countries, but also by eminent architects who use them to create apartment buildings, offices, hotels and shopping centers. Such buildings are also offered as prefabricated housing for construction workers or victims of emergency situations.